Renal Dysfunction, Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality

Table 3

Univariate and Multivariable Cox Regression Analysis Cardiovascular Disease Mortality versus Independent Variables (𝑛=13115).

	Univariate analysis			Multivariable analysis
	OR	95.0% C.I.	Sig.	OR	95.0% C.I.	Sig.
Race
White (ref)	1.00	—		1.00	—
African american	0.57	0.50–0.65	<.001	0.83	0.71–0.98	.02
Hispanic & other	0.42	0.36–0.48	<.001	0.69	0.59–0.82	<.001
Gender (ref)
Female	1.00	—		1.00	—
Male	1.21	1.09–1.33	<.001	1.40	1.23–1.59	<.001
Age (years)
<64 (ref)	1.00	—		1.00	—
≥65	3.42	3.20–3.70	<.001	2.62	2.40–2.85	<.001
Poverty/income ratio
<1 (ref)	1.00	—		1.00	—
>1	0.63	0.57–0.70	<.001	0.73	0.64–0.83	<.001
Smoking status
Never smoked (ref)	1.00	—		1.00	—
Ever-smoker (currently nonsmoker)	1.23	1.10–1.37	<.001	0.97	0.85–1.11	N/S
Current-smoker	0.64	0.55–0.74	<.001	1.07	0.89–1.28	N/S
History of CVD (stroke, MI & congestive heart failure)
No (ref)	1.00	—		1.00	—
Yes	5.10	4.60–5.66	<.001	2.40	2.11–2.72	<.001
Renal dysfunction & metabolic syndrome
No metabolic syndrome and no renal dysfunction (ref)	1.00	—		1.00	—
No metabolic syndrome and early renal dysfunction	3.02	2.45–3.72	<.001	1.69	1.37–2.10	<.001
No metabolic syndrome and late renal dysfunction	15.39	12.16–19.48	<.001	3.92	3.06–5.03	<.001
Metabolic syndrome and no renal dysfunction	1.71	1.31–2.22	—	1.22	0.94–1.60	—
Metabolic syndrome and early renal dysfunction	4.14	3.36–5.09	<.001	1.80	1.45–2.23	<.001
Metabolic syndrome and late renal dysfunction	12.81	10.27–16.00	<.001	3.23	2.56–3.70	<.001