Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism

Research Article

Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake Trends in US Adolescents and Their Association with Insulin Resistance-Related Parameters

Table 4

Regression analyses of metabolic parameters and anthropometric Measurements associated with SSB intake among US adolescents aged 12–19 years: NHANES III (1988–1994), NHANES 1999-2000, NHANES 2001-2002, NHANES 2003-2004, and complete NHANES 1999–2004 cohorts. Beta (SE) represents the number of SSBs consumed per day, adjusting for amount of physical activity performed per day, age, sex, ethnicity, and energy intake per day (in kilocalories). Abbreviations: HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; SE, standard error.
NHANES IIINHANES III
Phase IPhase IINHANESNHANESNHANESNHANES IIINHANES
1988–19911991–19941999-20002001-20022003-20041988–19941999–2004
Beta (SE)Beta (SE)Beta (SE)Beta (SE)Beta (SE)Beta (SE)Beta (SE)
HOMA-IR#——0.08 (0.04)0.03 (0.02)0.06 (0.02)*—0.06(0.02)*
TC (mg/dL) − 0 . 5 1 (0.55) − 0 . 5 3 (0.47) − 0 . 5 6 (0.41)0.04 (.30)0.17 (0.50) − 0 . 5 2 (.37) − 0 . 1 1 (.23)
HDL-C (mg/dL)−0.80(0.22)* − 0 . 1 6 (0.15)0.64(0.17)*−0.27(0.12)*−0.53(0.11)*−0.42(0.12)*−0.48(0.08)*
LDL-C (mg/dL)#0.93 (0.79)0.70 (0.71) − 0 . 2 7 (0.48) − 0 . 1 4 (0.54)0.79 (0.39)0.72 (0.51)0.13 (0.29)
TG (mg/dL)# − 0 . 3 3 (1.58) − 2 . 5 8 (1.87)1.41 (1.15)0.04 (1.87)1.53 (1.14) − 1 . 2 9 (1.18)1.02 (0.84)
TG/HDL-C ratio#0.02 (0.04) − 0 . 0 3 (0.05)0.05 (0.04) − 0 . 0 1 (0.05)0.05 (0.03)0.001 (0.03)0.03 (0.02)
SBP (mmHg)0.08 (0.16)0.12 (0.17)0.11 (0.12)0.20(0.10)*0.15 (0.17)0.10 (0.14)0.16(0.07)*
DBP (mmHg) − 0 . 0 5 (0.16) − 0 . 1 7 (0.20) − 0 . 0 9 (0.11) − 0 . 0 4 (0.08)0.13 (0.16) − 0 . 1 0 (0.16)0.01 (0.07)
WC (cm)0.42 (0.23)0.07 (0.25)0.40(0.19)*0.47(0.15)*0.54(0.10)*0.22 (0.18)0.47(0.08)*
BMI (kg/m2) percentile for age-sex0.70 (0.42)0.04 (0.67)0.66(0.29)*0.93(0.37)*1.13(0.25)*0.38 (0.45)0.93(0.18)*
#morning & fasting subsample. * 𝑃 < . 0 5 (Significant results are in bold).