The Relation of Coffee Consumption to Serum Uric Acid in Japanese Men and Women Aged 49–76 Years

Table 1

Characteristics of the study subjects (𝑛 = 11.662).

Variable	Men (𝑛 = 4964)	Women (𝑛 = 6698)
Age (year), mean (SD)	62.6 (6.8)	62.1 (6.7)
Body mass index (kg/m^2), mean (SD)	23.5 (2.8)	22.5 (3.1)
Current alcohol use, (%)	70.8	26.6
Alcohol (mL/d)*, median (IQR)	37 (18–57)	11 (6–20)
Current smoking, (%)	31.6	6.4
Cigarettes/d^†, median (IQR)	20 (15–25)	15 (10–20)
Daily use of coffee, (%)	56.9	57.2
Daily use of green tea, (%)	78.1	87.3
Daily use of black tea, (%)	4.1	8.9
Daily use of oolong tea, (%)	12.9	14.0
Caffein intake (mg/d), median (IQR)	210 (109–270)	220 (136–284)
Seafood intake (g/d), median (IQR)	53 (36–74)	51 (38–68)
Work-related activity (MET-hr/d), median (IQR)	6 (2–14)	10 (6–18)
Leisure-time activity (MET-hr/w), median (IQR)	5 (2–15)	5 (1–14)
Hypertension, (%)	61.8	46.3
Diabetes mellitus, (%)	10.9	4.3
Serum creatinine (mg/dL), mean (SD)	0.8 (0.1)	0.6 (0.1)
eGFR (mL/minute/1.73 m^2), mean (SD)	73.8 (14.0)	75.9 (14.7)
Serum uric acid (mg/dL), mean (SD)	5.9 (1.3)	4.6 (1.0)
Hyperuricemia, (%)	18.9	1.2

eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; IQR: interquartile range; MET: metabolic equivalent; SD: standard deviation.
*Among current alcohol drinkers.
^†Among current smokers.