Lifestyle Behaviours and Plasma Vitamin C and 𝜷-Carotene Levels from the ELAN Population (Liège, Belgium)

Table 3

Risk factors related to vitamin C and β-carotene deficiency. Results are expressed as OR with 95% confidence intervals.

Risk factor	Vitamin C OR (95% CI)	β-carotene OR (95% CI)
Gender (Male)	1.70 (1.13–2.57)	2.67 (1.95–3.66)
Smoking (Yes)	2.84 (1.90–4.25)	3.03 (2.13–4.32)
Overweight^(a) (Yes)	1.18 (0.79-1.77)^(b)	2.28 (1.68–3.10)
Physical activity (No)	2.05 (1.31–3.20)	1.51 (1.11–2.05)
Fruits (<2/day) (Yes)	2.96 (1.64–5.34)	1.41 (1.01–1.98)
OC (Yes)	1.24 (0.54-2.86)^(b)	4.67 (2.52–8.67)
Unemployed (Yes)	3.31 (1.30–8.45)	1.13 (0.61-2.11)^(b)

^(a)BMI≥25 kg/m².
^(b)Not significant.