Lifestyle Behaviours and Plasma Vitamin C and 𝜷-Carotene Levels from the ELAN Population (Liège, Belgium)

Table 4

Probability of developing vitamin C deficiency and β-carotene deficiency according various risk factors combinations (from no risk factor present to all risk factors present) in men and women. For vitamin C, results in parentheses indicate probability for employed and unemployed subjects.

					Probability of getting a plasma value of vitamin C below 6 mg/L^(b)		probability of getting a plasma value of β-carotene below 0.22 mg/L
Smoking	Physical activity	Fruits intake (≥2/day)	Overweight^(a)	OC use	Men	Women	Men	Women
No	Yes	Yes	No	No	4.0 (3.5–10.4)	2.4 (1.5–4.5)	29.7	13.7
Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	10.7 (9.2–24.3)	6.6 (3.9–11.5)	56.1	32.4
Yes	No	Yes	No	No	19.7 (16.9–39.3)	12.6 (7.6–20.7)	65.9	42.0
Yes	No	No	No	No	42.1 (37.1–65.3)	30.0 (19.3–43.2)	73.2	50.5
Yes	No	No	Yes	No	46.2 (38.2–66.3)	33.5 (20.0–44.3)	86.1	69.9
Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	(NA)	38.5 (24.3–50.4)	(NA)	91.6

^(a) BMI≥25 kg/m².
^(b) Numbers in parentheses indicated probability of vitamin C deficiency when subject being employed or unemployed.