Blood Pressure-Lowering Mechanisms of the DASH Dietary Pattern

Table 3

Adherence measures by treatment and time.

Measurement Mean ± SD	Control	DASH	𝑃 for DASH versus control
Urinary excretion
Potassium, mmol/24 hr
Baseline	46.6±13.3	42.2±14.7
Change at week 1	−10.2±11.9	39.8±25.8 *	<0.0001
Change at week 2	−7.9±16.4	25.3±28.6^†	0.005
𝑃 for trend	0.367	0.075
Magnesium, mmol/24 hr
Baseline	3.56±1.54	3.51±1.20
Change at week 1	0.22±1.01	1.32±0.86^‡	0.017
Change at week 2	−0.01±1.07	0.31±1.27	0.553
𝑃 for trend	0.819	0.454
Phosphorus, mmol/24 hr
Baseline	251.8±78.82	222.6±61.22
Change at week 1	7.53±24.94	82.68±112.4	0.054
Change at week 2	39.44±120.6	−35.76±114.7	0.170
𝑃 for trend	0.218	0.446
Urea nitrogen, mol/24 hr
Baseline	3.73±1.26	3.44±0.95
Change at week 1	−0.57±1.01	0.29±1.04	0.077
Change at week 2	−0.63±1.32	−0.26±1.26	0.524
𝑃 for trend	0.629	0.780
Calcium, mmol/24 hr
Baseline	36.06±25.83	39.92±23.71
Change at week 1	3.75±16.79	−5.50±12.75	0.182
Change at week 2	0.55±14.76	−7.51±13.41	0.218
𝑃 for trend	0.909	0.298
Sodium, mmol/24 hr
Baseline	122.6±40.82	131.4±42.83
Change at week 1	19.3±33.39	−4.2±57.49	0.278
Change at week 2	17.85±65.93	−1.5±64.40	0.620
𝑃 for trend	0.493	0.919

* 𝑃=0.0004, ^†𝑃=0.017, ^‡𝑃=0.002 compared to baseline within treatment group using the MANOVA analysis.