Accelerated Growth Rate Induced by Neonatal High-Protein Milk Formula Is Not Supported by Increased Tissue Protein Synthesis in Low-Birth-Weight Piglets
Table 7
Plasma amino acid and urea concentrations measured in piglets fed NP, HP, and HPA diets at d7 and d28.
d7
d28
Age effect
NP
HP
HPA
P
SEM
NP
HP
HPA
P
SEM
Amino acids, μmol/L
Lysine
106.4a
200.3b
188.3b
<0.05
26.23
198.2a
336.9b
306.9b
<0.01
28.15
<0.001
Threonine
382.7a
749.8b
746.8b
<0.1
132.26
470.9
583.5
578.6
ns
61.73
ns
Methionine
34.2a
66.0b
83.7b
<0.05
11.31
91.1
78.2
72.7
ns
12.69
<0.05
Tryptophane
40.3a
59.6ab
71.6b
<0.1
8.63
85.9
88.6
98.2
ns
8.98
<0.001
Leucine
205.1a
299.1b
310.1b
<0.1
33.95
274.5
336.8
329.3
ns
23.64
<0.1
Valine
408.1a
519.6b
498.9ab
<0.1
34.81
497.5
492.2
491.6
ns
25.91
ns
Isoleucine
153.3a
226.1b
225.9b
<0.05
21.45
195.3
237.6
234.8
ns
18.04
ns
Phenylalanine
91.6
131.3
158.6
ns
22.15
97.9
118.2
119.6
ns
14.79
ns
Histidine
93.2
108.6
115.2
ns
18.46
143.2a
104.7b
128.2ab
<0.1
11.55
ns
Arginine
118.4a
172.6b
227.2b
<0.05
28.3
187.1
152.6
155.6
ns
30.50
ns
Alanine
649.7
695.5
660.2
ns
59.08
548.9
505.7
448.2
ns
44.11
<0.001
Asparagine
44.6
83.1
78.5
ns
16.80
77.6
72.9
72.7
ns
9.48
ns
Aspartic acid
42.1
71.7
69.2
ns
12.00
42.7
57.8
63.5
ns
9.03
ns
Citrulline
137.9
144.6
151.1
ns
14.78
214.4
142.5
167.7
ns
26.56
<0.1
Cystine
37.6
47.4
56.1
ns
8.63
34.3
21.3
20.9
ns
4.81
<0.001
Glutamine
424.7
531.5
559.8
ns
75.32
516.0
431.8
423.1
ns
37.67
ns
Glutamic acid
247.6
297.2
266.1
ns
36.29
332.5a
249.1b
228.1b
<0.05
24.54
ns
Glycine
1250.7
1370.6
1444.1
ns
116.60
2182.7a
1315.2b
1291.9b
<0.01
168.3
<0.05
Serine
245.2a
311.4b
336.1b
<0.1
28.57
322.6a
230.4b
227.0b
<0.05
25.49
<0.1
Ornithine
81.8
91.4
84.3
ns
6.12
166.7
152.9
173.5
ns
18.29
<0.001
Proline
712.3
860.7
816.2
ns
58.02
786.4
625.7
638.7
ns
91.43
<0.1
Taurine
206.7
269.1
341.6
ns
48.88
110.4a
234.6b
242.7b
<0.01
24.89
<0.05
Tyrosine
125.5
220.4
240.6
ns
39.06
151.1
153.4
173.1
ns
19.55
ns
NH3, μmol/L
368.0
340.0
337.2
ns
38.66
379.9a
486.8b
476.9b
<0.05
28.62
<0.001
Values are least square means and pooled SEM calculated in pigs slaughtered at d7 and d28, /group. P (effect of formula) and age effect are presented. Differences were considered significant when but trends are presented when 0.1 < . Means with a different superscript letter differ at .