Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism

Clinical Study

Flaxseed Lignan Complex Administration in Older Human Type 2 Diabetics Manages Central Obesity and Prothrombosis—An Invitation to Further Investigation into Polypharmacy Reduction

Table 2

Impact of flaxseed lignan complex on hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia, blood pressure, waist circumference, bleeding time, LDL oxidation, and inflammation.


	Lignan start	Lignan finish	Placebo start	Placebo finish	Treatment versus placebo (U/M)*

Glucose (mMol/L)	7.2 0.4	6.6 0.4	8.0 0.8	7.7 0.6
A1c %	7.1 0.3	6.8 0.2	7.2 0.3	7.2 0.3
HDL-c (mMol/L)	1.0 0.1	1.1 0.2	1.1 0.3	1.2 0.1	⁺
LDL-c (mMol/L)	2.5 0.2	2.4 0.2	2.4 0.1	2.3 0.1
sd-LDL-c (mMol/L)	0.3 0.1	0.2 0.03	0.3 0.03	0.2 0.03
Cholesterol (mMol/L)	4.4 0.3	4.5 0.3	4.6 0.3	4.5 0.3
Cholesterol/HDL-c ratio	4.4 0.3	4.1 0.5	4.2 0.1	3.8 0.3
Triglycerides (mMol/L)	1.7 0.2	1.8 0.3	2.0 0.4	1.8 0.2
B.P. systolic (mm Hg)	133.6 4.8	124.4 4.7	135.8 4.3	123.8 3.6
B.P. diastolic (mm Hg)	82.1 1.9	74.9 3.2	84.5 2.2	78.3 2.1
Waist (cm)	99.5 4.0	100.1 4.1	99.4 4.0	101.5 3.9
Bleeding time (seconds)	224.4 11.7	274.6 9.5	227.1 10.3	233.2 9.4
LDL oxidation (U/L)	52.2 5.2	45.2 4.6	57.0 5.8	52.8 4.8
CRP (mG/L)	2.4 1.1	1.9 0.7	2.7 1.2	2.7 1.1
IL-6 (pG/mL)	4.1 2.3	3.6 1.7	4.3 1.9	5.4 2.2
TNF- (pG/mL)	1.1 0.2	1.1 0.1	1.1 0.2	1.1 0.2

Values reflect duplicate assays of each blood plasma sample. Values are rounded to the nearest tenth/hundredth. Data (mean SEM) is for the 16 patients who completed the trial. The univariate data analysis was a repeated measures analysis of covariance (covariates: age, sex, and order of treatment) controlled for multiple comparisons. U/M*: univariate/multiple comparisons corrected via mixed linear effects model controlling for age, gender, and order of treatment. ⁺NP: not performed, the parameters driving the major outcomes were not part of the multiple comparisons adjustment.