Randomized Controlled Trial of the Effectiveness of Genetic Counseling and a Distance, Computer-Based, Lifestyle Intervention Program for Adult Offspring of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Background, Study Protocol, and Baseline Patient Characteristics

Table 4

Baseline characteristics of study subjects.

	GC&LI		LI		Control
	𝑛=75		𝑛=70		𝑛=71
	Mean ± SD or 𝑛 (%)		Mean ± SD or 𝑛 (%)		Mean ± SD or 𝑛 (%)
Sex: male	40	(53.3)	47	(67.1)	45	(63.4)
Age (years)	46.9	±7.9	44.9	±7.6	45.6	±8.0
Weight (kg)	60	±10.6	62.2	±9.9	63.1	±11.3
Body mass index (kg/m^2)	22.1	±3.1	22.5	±2.7	22.9	±3.3
Triglyceride level (mg/dL)	98	±56.4	106.3	±73.2	109.4	±72.8
Low-density lipoprotein level (mg/dL)	118.2	±30.6	117.9	±28.0	115.9	±25.7
Fasting blood glucose level (mg/dL)	94.6	±7.5	94.7	±9.3	95.8	±9.4
HbA1C level	5.2	±0.3	5.2	±0.3	5.3	±0.3
Energy intake (kcal/day)^(1)	1782.8	±415.3	1689.9	±335.5	1867.7	±493.6
Fat/energy ratio^(1)	29.2	±6.5	29.2	±5.4	28.2	±8.0
Physical activity (kcal/day)^(1)	228.6	±279.1	243	±296.6	379.8	±816.6
Medical history
Impaired glucose tolerance	0	(0.0)	1	(1.4)	0	(0.0)
Abnormalities of lipid metabolism	10	(13.3)	8	(11.4)	8	(11.3)
Hypertension	6	(8.0)	2	(2.9)	6	(8.5)
Hyperuricemia	4	(5.3)	3	(4.3)	4	(5.6)
Family history of diabetes
Father	50	(66.7)	50	(71.4)	49	(69.0)
Mother	22	(29.3)	17	(24.3)	27	(38.0)
Siblings	8	(10.7)	9	(12.9)	2	(2.8)
Living with
Spouse	51	(68.0)	48	(68.6)	41	(57.7)
Offspring	43	(57.3)	45	(64.3)	33	(46.5)
Father	14	(18.7)	9	(12.9)	13	(18.3)
Mother	18	(24.0)	19	(27.1)	28	(39.4)
Occupational status
Full-time	63	(84.0)	60	(85.7)	62	(87.3)
Part-time	10	(13.3)	8	(11.4)	8	(11.3)
Housekeeping	2	(2.7)	2	(2.9)	1	(1.4)
Educational status
Less than high school	0	(0.0)	1	(1.4)	2	(2.8)
High school	16	(21.3)	18	(25.7)	10	(14.1)
Junior college/technical school	12	(16.0)	12	(17.1)	17	(24.3)
University/college	45	(60.0)	37	(52.9)	38	(54.3)
Graduate school	2	(2.7)	2	(2.9)	4	(5.7)

⁽¹⁾𝑛=69 in GC&LI, 𝑛=63 in LI, 𝑛=57 in control.