Formation of Short-Chain Fatty Acids, Excretion of Anthocyanins, and Microbial Diversity in Rats Fed Blackcurrants, Blackberries, and Raspberries

Table 1

Composition of test diets¹ (g/kg, dwb).

Component	Blackcurrant	Blackberry	Raspberry
Berries^†	368	253	313
Casein	120	120	120
DL-methionine	1.2	1.2	1.2
Maize oil	50	50	50
Mineral mixture^‡	48	48	48
Vitamin mixture^$	8	8	8
Choline chloride	2	2	2
Sucrose	100	100	100
Wheat starch^∧	302.8	417.8	357.8

1Half of the berry diets were supplemented with HEAL19 (Lactobacillus plantarum HEAL19) at a dose of 10¹⁰ cfu per day and mixed daily with the feed at feeding time.
^†Corresponding to 80 g indigestible carbohydrate/kg diet (dwb), berries obtained from Probi AB (Lund, Sweden).
^‡Containing (g/kg): 0.43 CuSO₄ · 5H₂O, 1.6 ZnSO₄ · 7H₂O, 389 KH₂PO₄, 201.2 NaH₂PO₄ · 2H₂O, 380 CaCO₃, 0.08 KI, 67 MgSO₄, 9 FeSO₄ · 7H₂O, 4 MnSO₄ · H₂O, 0.023 CoCl · 6H₂O, 119.1 NaCl, 0.019 chromium (III) chloride, and 0.013 sodium selenate.
^$Containing (g/kg): 0.62 menadione, 2.5 thiamin hydrochloride, 2.5 riboflavin, 1.25 pyridoxine hydrochloride, 6.256 calcium pantothenate, 6.256 nicotinic acid, 0.25 folic acid, 12.5 inositol, 1.25 p-aminobenzoic acid, 0.05 biotin, 0.00375 cyanocobalamin, 0.187 retinol palmitate, 0.00613 calciferol (D3), 25 d-α-tocopheryl acetate, and 941.25 maize starch (Apoteket, Malmö, Sweden).
^∧Norfoods Sweden AB, Malmö, Sweden.