A Randomized Clinical Trial of Nutrition Education for Improvement of Diet Quality and Inflammation in Iranian Obese Women
Table 1
Sociodemographic and anthropometric characteristics of the study groups at the baseline and end of study.
Variables
Educated group ()
Noneducated group ()
Age (y)
33.13 ± 5.60
35.13 ± 4.97
0.211
—
Income [ (%)]
0.516
0.306
Low
4 (13.33)
6 (19.98)
Medium
22 (73.26)
19 (63.27)
High
4 (13.33)
5 (16.65)
Educational level [ (%)]
0.911
0.783
<6 years
1 (3.33)
0
6–12 years
5 (16.65)
7 (23.31)
>12 years
24 (79.92)
23 (76.59)
Physical activity [ (%)]
0.852
0.771
Light
22 (73.26)
21 (69.93)
Moderate
6 (19.98)
8 (26.64)
Heavy
2 (6.66)
1 (3.33)
Weight (kg)
Baseline
91.1 ± 10.6
92.5 ± 14.6
0.672
0.581
End
89.8 ± 12.8
91.8 ± 13.5
0.533
0.671
0.145
0.348
BMI
Baseline
34.9 ± 3.9
34.7 ± 5.07
0.877
0.676
End
34.3 ± 4.3
34.5 ± 5.11
0.852
0.845
0.090
0.466
WC (cm)
Baseline
107.3 ± 10.8
107.6 ± 13.2
0.910
0.721
End
106.2 ± 8.3
108.2 ± 13.5
0.510
0.511
0.161
0.416
HC (cm)
Baseline
110.2 ± 10.4
108.8 ± 10.1
0.593
0.804
End
109.5 ± 7.6
109 ± 9.9
0.812
0.973
0.744
0.832
WHR
Baseline
0.97 ± 0.10
0.98 ± 0.06
0.655
0.690
End
0.97 ± 0.09
0.99 ± 0.07
0.417
0.553
0.802
0.424
Fat percent (%)
Baseline
34.6 ± 6.3
33.5 ± 7.2
0.211
0.189
End
33.8 ± 6.6
33.4 ± 6.2
0.425
0.385
0.253
0.837
BMI: body mass index; WC: waist circumference; HC: hip circumference; and WHR: waist to hip ratio. Data were expressed as mean ± SD or percentages. resulted from independent sample -test or chi-squared test as appropriate; resulted from ANCONA test (adjustment for age and energy intake); and resulted from paired sample -test.
