Subclinical Iodine Deficiency among Pregnant Women in Haramaya District, Eastern Ethiopia: A Community-Based Study

Table 1

Characteristics of pregnant women in Haramaya, eastern Ethiopia, April, 2012.

Variable	Total	No iodine deficiency	Iodine deficiency	𝑃 value∗
	Frequency (%)	Frequency (%)	Frequency (%)
Age group				0.100
18–24 years	126 (28.97)	18 (14.29)	108 (85.71)
25–34 years	241 (55.40)	39 (16.18)	202 (83.82)
35–49 years	68 (15.63)	18 (26.47)	50 (73.53)
Educational status				0.213
Literate	31 (7.13)	8 (25.81)	23 (74.19)
Illiterate	404 (92.87)	67 (16.58)	337 (83.42)
Family size				0.636
<5 persons	41 (18.06)	41 (18.06)	186 (81.94)
≥5 persons	34 (16.35)	34 (16.35)	174 (83.65)
Previous pregnancies				0.281
0	87 (20.00)	12 (13.79)	75 (86.21)
1–3	280 (64.37)	47 (16.79)	233 (83.21)
≥4	68 (15.63)	16 (23.53)	52 (76.47)
Pregnancy trimester				0.694
First	52 (11.95)	9 (17.31)	43 (82.69)
Second	169 (38.85)	26 (15.38)	143 (84.62)
Third	214 (49.20)	40 (18.69)	174 (81.31)
Possessed milk cows				0.189
No cow	171 (39.31)	26 (15.20)	145 (84.80)
One cow	124 (28.51)	28 (22.58)	96 (77.42)
Two or more cows	140 (32.18)	21 (15.00)	119 (85.00)
Prenatal visit				0.440
No	112 (25.75)	22 (19.64)	90 (80.36)
Yes	323 (74.25)	53 (16.41)	270 (83.59)
Cabbage consumption				0.019
<1 serving/week	334 (76.78)	65 (19.46)	269 (80.54)
≥1 serving/week	101 (23.22)	10 (9.90)	91 (90.10)
Household salt				<0.0001
Not iodized	406 (93.33)	62 (15.27)	344 (84.73)
Iodized	29 (6.67)	13 (44.83)	16 (55.17)
Consumption of milk				0.500
<3 times/month	230 (52.87)	37 (16.09)	193 (83.91)
≥3 times/month	205 (47.13)	38 (18.54)	167 (81.46)

^∗𝑃 values are based on likelihood ratio chi-square test.