Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism

Research Article

Gender and Racial Differences in the Cardiovascular Risk Factors among Overweight and Obese Rural Adults, Kuching and Samarahan Division, Sarawak, Malaysia

Table 2

Health profile of the respondents ().
 AllMalay ()Bidayuh ()Iban () valueMale ()Female () value
 Mean (SD) (%)Mean (SD)/ (%)Mean (SD)/ (%)
Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP)0.20 (0.503) 0.14 (0.565)0.09 (0.395)0.41 (0.535) 0.51 (0.566)0.12 (0.450) 
 Low (below 0.1) 69 (44.5)19 (50.0)38 (55.1)12 (25.0)0.0049 (26.5)60 (49.6)0.019
 Intermediate and high (0.1 and higher) 86 (55.5)19 (50.0)31 (44.9)36 (75.0) 25 (73.5)61 (50.4) 
Physical activity (MET)9979.13 (9611.189) 8574.89 (7314.260)9043.53 (8783.824)12437.69 (11826.99) 13606.34 (11280.637)8960.69 (8875.796) 
 Low and moderate 45 (29.0)9 (23.7)19 (27.5)17 (35.4)0.4608 (23.5)37 (30.6)0.523
 High 110 (71.0)29 (76.3)50 (72.5)31 (64.6) 26 (76.5)84 (69.4) 
BMI (kg/m2)29.80 (4.006) 30.23 (4.281)29.68 (3.722)29.62 (4.231) 28.46 (2.719)30.17 (4.232) 
 Overweight 5 (3.2)2 (5.3)2 (2.8)1 (2.1)0.6061 (2.9)4 (3.3)0.859
 Obese 150 (96.8)36 (94.7)67 (97.2)47 (97.9) 33 (97.1)117 (96.7) 
% of body fat37.53 (9.963) 38.76 (8.091)37.54 (11.237)36.56 (9.425) 27.97 (5.636)40.22 (9.242) 
 Overfat 148 (95.5)38 (100.0)64 (92.8)46 (95.8)0.22332 (94.1)116 (95.9)0.648
Blood pressure         
 Systolic131.07 (16.319) 134.13 (16.917)129.38 (17.220)131.08 (14.369) 134.21 (15.019)130.19 (16.618) 
 Diastolic77.17 (10.175) 79.13 (9.253)76.88 (10.802)76.04 (9.923) 77.79 (11.860)77.00 (9.698) 
Hypertension 27 (17.4)12 (31.6)7 (10.1)8 (16.7)0.0207 (20.6)20 (16.5)0.612
Cholesterol (mmol/dL)5.58 (0.998) 5.88 (1.074)5.55 (0.878)5.37 (1.057) 5.50 (0.930)5.60 (1.018) 
 Hypercholesterolemia 102 (65.8)29 (76.3)46 (66.7)27 (56.3)0.14722 (64.7)80 (66.1)0.516
LDL (mmol/dL)1.32 (0.316) 3.59 (1.138)2.67 (1.131)2.95 (1.294) 2.98 (1.255)2.98 (1.232) 
HDL (mmol/dL2.98 (1.233) 1.41 (0.264)1.36 (0.369)1.21 (0.235) 1.23 (0.309)1.35 (0.313) 
Glucose (mmol/dL)5.96 (2.458) 6.27 (1.844)5.63 (1.844)6.17 (3.452) 6.07 (2.020)5.93 (2.574) 
 Hyperglycemia 151 (99.4)38 (100.0)68 (98.6)48 (100.0)0.53434 (100.0)120 (99.2)0.781
Triglyceride1.78 (1.017) 1.79 (0.979)1.58 (0.780)2.07 (1.268) 2.29 (1.357)1.64 (0.854) 
⁢.