Effects of a Multispecies Probiotic Mixture on Glycemic Control and Inflammatory Status in Women with Gestational Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Table 2
Dietary intakes of the intention-to-treat participants at baseline and at the end of the study.
Variables
Period
Probiotic group ()
Control group ()
value
Energy (kcal/d)
Initial
2331 ± 132
2382 ± 149
0.22
End
2288 ± 117
2310 ± 169
0.13
Carbohydrate (g/d)
Initial
310.8 ± 38.8
318.1 ± 39.1
0.23
End
302.4 ± 38.2
309.4 ± 39.8
0.29
Protein (g/d)
Initial
79.3 ± 11.4
80.4 ± 13.4
0.22
End
76.2 ± 14.2
78.7 ± 13.9
0.19
Total fat (g/d)
Initial
77.2 ± 12.6
79.6 ± 8.1
0.34
End
73.3 ± 13.2
74.1 ± 10.8
0.41
Dietary fiber (g/d)
Initial
13.8 ± 3.2
14.6 ± 3.8
0.25
End
13.1 ± 4.4
13.6 ± 3.9
0.29
PUFA (g/d)
Initial
20.9 ± 4.5
21.8 ± 3.9
0.36
End
25.1 ± 5.7
23.7 ± 6.1
0.19
MUFA (g/d)
Initial
21.9 ± 6.2
23.8 ± 5.8
0.48
End
19.8 ± 8.8
20.7 ± 6.2
0.56
Zinc (mg/d)
Initial
11.8 ± 3.1
9.8 ± 2.1
0.32
End
10.8 ± 2.6
10.4 ± 3.2
0.47
Copper (mg/d)
Initial
1.39 ± 0.3
1.42 ± 0.5
0.29
End
1.49 ± 0.5
1.55 ± 0.7
0.31
Data are presented as mean (SD); SFA: saturated fatty acid; PUFA: polyunsaturated fatty acid; MUFA: monounsaturated fatty acid; : obtained from Student’s -test.
