Efficacy of an Anthocyanin and Prebiotic Blend on Intestinal Environment in Obese Male and Female Subjects

Table 3

Proportion of Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes in participants supplemented with the anthocyanin-prebiotic blend at baseline (day 0) and end of the study (day 57) ().

	Actinobacteria	Bacteroidetes	Firmicutes
	Mean ± SD ()	Mean ± SD ()	Mean ± SD ()
	Median (interquartile range)	Median (interquartile range)	Median (interquartile range)
	Within-group value^a	Within-group value^a	Within-group value^a
Baseline (day 0)	0.085 ± 0.068 (45)	0.138 ± 0.096 (45)	0.749 ± 0.104 (45)
	0.066 (0.095)	0.12 (0.140)	0.765 (0.106)
End of study (day 57)	0.034 ± 0.032 (45)	0.345 ± 0.159 (45)	0.590 ± 0.141 (45)
	0.028 (0.032)	0.341 (0.187)	0.59 (0.195)
Change from baseline to end of the study	−0.052 ± 0.058 (45)	0.208 ± 0.176 (45)	−0.159 ± 0.170 (45)
	−0.038 (0.076)	0.227 (0.195)	−0.18 (0.220)
	<0.001^b	<0.001^b	<0.001^b

Note. One participant was unable to provide a fecal sample at the end of the study. : number; SD: standard deviation. ^aWithin-group comparisons were made using the paired Student’s t-test. ^bLogarithmic transformation required to achieve normality. Probability values ≤0.05 are statistically significant.