Impact of a 6-Month Micronutrient-Dense Plant-Rich Nutrition Intervention on Health and Well-Being at the Worksite
Table 2
Mean and SD well-being measures of variables pre-, mid-, and post-intervention.
Wellness measurement
Statistical significance
Time point
n
Mean ± SD
CI, 95%
Parametric
Nonparametric
Cohen’s d
r
z
GERD (GERDQ)
F(2, 72) = 7.940, , Time 1 different
1-2
37
2.1 ± 3.6
0.9, 3.3
0.58
−0.5
−3.1
1–3
37
2.0 ± 3.7
0.8, 3.3
0.55
−0.5
−3.0
2-3
37
−0.1 ± 2.1
−0.8, 0.7
0.03
0.03
0.2
PSQI (sleep)
F(2, 74) = 11.047, , Time 1 different
1-2
38
1.5 ± 2.2
0.8, 2.2
0.69
−0.6
−3.7
1–3
38
1.3 ± 2.1
0.6, 2.0
0.61
−0.6
−3.4
2-3
38
−0.2 ± 2.1
−0.9, 0.5
0.1
0.1
0.7
WPAI_A
F(2, 42) = 0.430, , no change
1-2
22
0.001 ± 0.2
−0.1, 0.1
0.01
−0.1
−0.3
1–3
22
−0.03 ± 0.2
−0.1, 0.1
0.16
0.1
0.5
2-3
22
−0.03 ± 0.2
−0.1, 0.1
0.17
0.1
0.4
WPAI_B
F(2, 76) = 1.284, , no change
1-2
39
0.4 ± 1.4
−03, 0.9
0.31
−0.3
−2.0
1–3
39
0.5 ± 2.4
−0.3, 1.3
0.22
-0.2
−1.4
2-3
39
0.1 ± 2.6
−0.8, 1.0
0.04
−0.1
−0.7
WPAI_C
F(2, 42) = 0.272, , no change
1-2
22
0.3 ± 1.4
−0.3, 0.9
0.2
−0.2
−0.7
1–3
22
0.1 ± 1.9
−0.8, 0.9
0.05
−0.1
−0.5
2-3
22
−0.2 ± 2.2
−1.2, 0.8
0.09
0.1
0.5
WPAI_D
F(2, 72) = 0.272, , no change
1-2
37
0.5 ± 1.8
−0.1, 1.0
0.26
−0.2
−1.0
1–3
37
0.2 ± 2.6
−0.7, 2.6
0.07
−0.2
−1.2
2-3
37
−0.3 ± 2.5
−1.1, 0.6
0.11
0.03
0.2
PHQ 9 (depressive symptoms)
F(2, 72) = 10.062, , time 1 different
1-2
37
2.1 ± 3.6
0.9, 3.3
0.58
−0.5
−3.1
1–3
37
2.0 ± 3.7
0.8, 3.3
0.55
−0.5
−3.0
2-3
37
−0.1 ± 2.1
−0.8, 0.7
0.03
0.03
0.2
PQAS total (pain)
F(2, 72) = 1.662, , no change. Friedman significant
1-2
37
5.7 ± 24.9
−2.6, 14.1
0.23
−0.4
−2.2
1–3
37
7.3 ± 25.0
−1.1, 15.6
0.29
−0.4
−2.5
2-3
37
1.5 ± 26.6
−7.4, 10.4
0.06
−0.1
−0.6
PQAS proximal pain
F(2, 72) = 0.743, , no change
1-2
37
0.3 ± 7.0
−2.1, 2.6
0.04
−0.1
−0.5
1–3
37
1.3 ± 7.0
−1.0, 3.7
0.19
−0.3
−1.6
2-3
37
1.1 ± 7.2
−1.3, 3.5
0.15
−0.2
−1.1
PQAS surface pain
F(2, 72) = 0.896, , no change
1-2
37
0.3 ± 3.9
−1.0, 1.6
0.08
−0.1
−0.5
1–3
37
0.9 ± 5.0
−0.8, 2.5
0.18
−0.2
−1.1
2-3
37
0.6 ± 3.3
−0.5, 1.7
0.17
−0.3
−1.8
PQAS deep pain
F(2, 72) = 3.108, , no change
1-2
37
3.5 ± 9.0
0.5, 6.5
0.39
−0.4
−2.1
1–3
37
2.6 ± 8.2
−0.1, 5.4
0.32
−0.4
−2.2
2-3
37
−0.8 ± 9.3
−4.0, 2.3
0.09
0.1
0.5
Values of n are for numbers of participants who completed biometric and wellness measures at all 3 time points. WPAI:GH A2 is the percent activity impairment due to health, WPAI:GH B2 is the percent impairment while working due to health, WPAI:GH C2 is the percent overall work impairment due to health, and WPAI:GH D is the percent work time missed due to health.
