Breakfast Intake and Factors Associated with Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet among Lebanese High School Adolescents
Table 1
Association between sociodemographic, lifestyle, anthropometric characteristics, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet among Lebanese adolescents, .
Variables
AMD
value1
Low (0–3) (n = 258) n (%)
Moderate (4–7) (n = 247) n (%)
High (≥8) (n = 95) n (%)
Sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics
Gender
Boys
139 (53.9)
95 (38.5)
34 (35.8)
<0.001
Girls
119 (46.1)
152 (61.5)
61 (64.2)
School type
Private
160 (62.0)
133 (53.8)
7 (7.4)
<0.001
Public
98 (38.0)
114 (46.2)
88 (92.6)
Work status
Yes
47 (18.2)
34 (13.8)
23 (24.2)
0.065
No
211 (81.8)
213 (86.2)
72 (75.8)
Level of education
Grade 10
81 (31.4)
89 (39.0)
45 (47.4)
0.015
Grade 11
85 (32.9)
76 (32.8)
32 (33.7)
Grade 12
92 (35.7)
82 (28.2)
18 (18.9)
School grades
<10
46 (17.8)
21 (8.5)
11 (11.6)
<0.001
11–15
185 (71.7)
187 (75.7)
60 (63.1)
>15
27 (10.5)
39 (15.8)
24 (25.3)
Level of physical activity2
Low
74 (44.6)
63 (36.8)
27 (41.5)
0.631
Moderate
70 (42.2)
85 (49.7)
31 (47.7)
High
22 (13.3)
23 (13.5)
7 (10.8)
Anthropometric characteristics (mean ± SE)
Weight (kg)
69.60 ± 0.900
61.73 ± 0.720
63.38 ± 1.170
<0.001
Height (m)
1.70 ± 0.006
1.68 ± 0.006
1.67 ± 0.007
0.008
BMI, N (%)
Underweight
5 (1.9)
6 (2.4)
0 (0.0)
<0.001
Normal weight
142 (55.0)
190 (76.9)
77 (81.1)
Overweight
71 (27.5)
45 (18.2)
14 (14.7)
Obese
40 (15.5)
6 (2.4)
4 (4.2)
BMI: body mass index. 1The difference between groups was examined using the chi-square test for categorical variables and ANOVA test for continuous variables. 2A low level of physical activity (LPA) corresponds to a PA < 60 min/week; a moderate LPA corresponds to a PA between 60 and 90 min/week; a high LPA corresponds to a PA > 90 min/week. is considered as significant.
