Risk Factors Associated with Under-Five Stunting, Wasting, and Underweight Based on Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey Datasets in Tigray Region, Ethiopia

Table 1

Background characteristics of respondents in the Tigray Region, Ethiopia (n = 1077).

Variables	N	Percent
Sources of drinking water
Piped	214	19.90
Protected well	410	38.10
Unprotected well	453	42.10
Availability of toilet facility
No facility/bush/field	630	58.50
With facilities	447	41.50
Number of under-five children
1	391	36.30
2	563	52.30
3+	123	11.40
Maternal age at birth
Less than 20	723	67.10
20 or higher	354	32.90
Anemia
No	918	85.20
Yes	159	14.80
Mother occupation
Not working	223	20.70
Agricultural sector	576	53.50
Other sectors	278	25.80
Place of delivery
Home	961	89.20
Health facilities	116	10.80
Birth type
Single	1049	97.40
Multiple	28	2.60
Birth weight
>4 kg	214	19.90
2.5–4 kg	498	46.20
<2.5 kg	365	33.90
Had diarrhea recently
No	928	86.20
Yes	149	13.80
Received measles
No	281	26.10
Yes	796	73.90
Vitamin A in last 6 months
No	233	21.60
Yes	844	78.40
Received tetanus
No	646	60.0
Yes	431	40.0
Antenatal follow-up
No	576	53.50
1–3	265	24.60
4+	236	21.90
Postnatal care
No	954	88.60
Yes	123	11.40
Current age of mother
15–19	50	4.60
20–24	219	20.30
25–29	277	25.70
30–34	220	20.40
35+	311	28.90
Husband/partner’s education
No education	595	55.20
Primary education	395	36.70
Secondary education	49	4.50
Higher education	38	3.50
Child birth order
First birth	209	19.40
2, 3, or 4	477	44.30
Fifth or more	391	36.30
Place of residence
Rural	948	88
Urban	129	12
Currently breastfeeding
No	401	37.20
Yes	676	62.80
Mode of delivery
Normal	1047	97.20
Cesarean section	30	2.80
Sex of child
Male	539	50
Female	538	50
Household wealth index
Poorest	332	30.80
Poorer	237	22
Middle	172	16
Richer	168	15.60
Richest	168	15.60
Mother education
No education	724	67.20
Primary education	297	27.60
Secondary education	40	3.70
Higher education	16	1.50
Child age
0–11 months	202	18.80
12–23 months	200	18.60
24–35 months	2012	19.70
36–47 months	245	22.70
48–59 months	218	20.20