Risk Factors Associated with Under-Five Stunting, Wasting, and Underweight Based on Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey Datasets in Tigray Region, Ethiopia

Table 2

Bivariate analysis of stunting, wasting, and underweight by background characteristics of the mother and a child.

Background characteristics	Categories	Stunting (%)	Wasting (%)	Underweight (%)
Sources of drinking water	Piped	15.2	20.2	15.6
	Protected well	35.4	39.5	37.4
	Unprotected well	49.4	40.3	47.1
Availability of toilet facility	No facility/bush/field	61.8	64.9	60.3
	With facilities	38.2	35.1	39.7
Number of under-five children	1	34.9	29.8	33.4
	2	49.9	55.3	50.6
	3+	15.2	14.9	16
Mother occupation	Not working	18.3	26.3	17.9
	Agricultural sector	59.1	48.2	56.8
	Other sectors	22.6	25.5	25.3
Birth type	Single	96.4	95.6	95.3
	Multiple	3.60	4.40	4.70
Birth weight	>4 kg	14	18.4	12.1
	2.5–4 kg	44.7	39.5	39.3
	<2.5 kg	41.3	42.1	48.6
Had diarrhea recently	No	84.8	70.2	77.4
	Yes	15.2	29.8	22.6
Antenatal follow-up	No	58.4	57	61.1
	1–3	25.7	29.8	25.7
	4+	15.9	13.2	14.4
Postnatal care	No	96.2	96.5	97.7
	Yes	3.80	3.50	2.30
Current age of mother	15–19	3.60	5.30	4.70
	20–24	19.7	20.2	19.5
	25–29	25.4	30.7	24.1
	30–34	21.4	20.2	23.7
	35+	29.9	23.7	28
Husband/partner’s education	No education	58.2	52.6	59.9
	Primary education	37.8	41.2	35.4
	Secondary education	1.90	4.40	2.70
	Higher education	2.10	1.80	1.90
Child birth order	First birth	17.6	14	18.7
	2, 3, or 4	45.6	55.3	43.6
	Fifth or more	36.8	30.7	37.7
Place of residence	Rural	92.4	89.5	91.4
	Urban	7.60	10.5	8.60
Sex of child	Male	52.5	57.9	52.5
	Female	47.5	42.1	47.5
Household wealth index	Poorest	36.1	28.1	36.6
	Poorer	24.5	21.9	23
	Middle	14.5	19.3	16.3
	Richer	15.7	19.3	14.8
	Richest	9.30	11.4	9.30
Mother education	No education	71.3	71.9	71.6
	Primary education	25.4	23.7	25.7
	Secondary education	2.90	2.60	1.90
	Higher education	0.50	1.80	0.80
Child age	0–11 months	10	27.2	15.2
	12–23 months	21.9	28.1	19.8
	24–35 months	24.9	18.4	24.5
	36–47 months	25.2	12.3	21.8
	48–59 months	18.8	14	18.7