Research Article
Caesarean Section Delivery and Risk of Poor Childhood Growth
Table 5
Factors associated with mode of delivery (N = 528).
| | Factor | N | Mode of delivery | | | Caesarean delivery n (%) | Vaginal delivery n (%) |
| | Age of mother (years) | | | | | | Under 25 | 162 | 55 (34.0) | 107 (66.0) | Chi-squared (χ2) = 13. 3, | | 25–34 | 306 | 157 (51.3) | 149 (48.7) | | 35+ | 60 | 30 (50.0) | 30 (50.0) | | Maternal education | | | | | | None | 184 | 66 (35.9) | 118 (64.1) | χ2 = 27. 2, | | Low (primary & JHS) | 141 | 54 (38.3) | 87 (61.7) | | High (at least SHS) | 203 | 122 (60.1) | 81 (39.9) | | Classification of household wealth index | | | | | | Low (<median score) | 280 | 112 (40.0) | 168 (60.0) | χ2 = 8.2, | | High (at least median score) | 248 | 130 (52.4) | 118 (47.6) | | Had obstetric abnormalities during pregnancy | | | | | | No | 400 | 165 (41.3) | 235 (58.8) | χ2 = 13. 9, | | Yes | 128 | 77 (60.2) | 51 (39.8) | | Adequacy of ANC visits | | | | | | No | 157 | 61 (38.9) | 96 (61.1) | χ2 = 4. 3, | | Yes | 363 | 177 (48.8) | 186 (51.2) | | Timing of first ANC visit | | | | | | 1–3 months | 367 | 180 (49.0) | 187 (51.0) | χ2 = 5. 7, | | >3 months | 159 | 60 (37.7) | 99 (62.3) | | Birth weight | | | | | | ≥2.5 kg | 441 | 187 (42.4) | 254 (57.6) | χ2 = 12. 7, | | <2.5 kg | 87 | 55 (63.2) | 32 (36.8) | | Previous caesarean section | | | | | | No | 456 | 170 (37.3) | 286 (62.7) | χ2 = 98. 5, | | Yes | 72 | 72 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | | Maternal BMI | | | | | | Underweight | 22 | 7 (31.8) | 15 (68.2) | χ2 = 15. 2, | | Normal | 285 | 114 (40.0) | 171 (60.0) | | Overweight | 160 | 85 (53.1) | 75 (46.9) | | Obese | 58 | 36 (62.1) | 22 (37.9) |
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