Protective Effect of Fermented Camel Milk Containing Bifidobacterium longum BB536 on Blood Lipid Profile in Hypercholesterolemic Rats
Table 4
Effect of various fermented types of milk on body weight, blood lipid profile, serum proteins, liver enzymes, and kidney markers in overweight, hypercholesterolemic-made rats on a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet.
Rat group
HF diet only
HF diet plus
Parameter
CCAP
CAP
CCAT
CAT
CT
A. Body weight
BW gain % (13)
34.0 ± 1.62a
22.35 ± 0.9c
20.34 ± 0.3d
24.78 ± 0.7b
22.3 ± 0.5c
26.01 ± 0.8b
≤0.00
B. Blood lipid profile
TG mg/dl (46)
156.1 ± 4.1a
71.5 ± 2.8d
80.9 ± 1.7c
80.08 ± 2.8c
83.3 ± 2.5c
98.0 ± 3.3b
≤0.00
TC mg/dl (75)
142.4 ± 6.0a
85.5 ± 2.2e
93.1 ± 1.6cd
91.27 ± 5.1c
98.9 ± 2.26c
110.3 ± 3.6b
≤0.00
HDL mg/dl (38)
27.5 ± 0.41d
35.5 ± 2.2ab
33.1 ± 1.9bc
32.9 ± 0.55bc
30.4 ± 2.9cd
29.8 ± 1.35cd
≤0.006
LDL mg/dl (28)
133.7 ± 1.8a
35.7 ± 2.7e
43.8 ± 1.8d
42.6 ± 2.3c
41.9 ± 1.7c
60.9 ± 1.7b
≤0.00
VLDL mg/dl (9)
31.27 ± 0.6a
14.3 ± 2.7d
16.2 ± 0.3c
15.32 ± 0.6c
16.5 ± 0.4c
19.6 ± 0.6b
≤0.00
C. Liver function
AST (U/L) (44)
115.3 ± 1.6a
55 ± 0.73f
63.3 ± 0.6e
80.3 ± 0.63c
65.7 ± 1.0d
99.3 ± 0.65b
≤0.00
ALT (U/L) (24)
60.0 ± 1.0a
28.3 ± 0.63f
33.9 ± 0.9d
32.1 ± 0.7c
35.6 ± 0.7c
41.7 ± 0.42b
≤0.00
Albumin (g/dl) (4)
2.95 ± 0.03e
4.22 ± 0.14a
4.1 ± 0.09ab
3.93 ± 0.13bc
3.91 ± 0.1bcd
3.7 ± 0.02d
≤0.00
TP (g/dl) (7)
5.48 ± 0.12f
7.56 ± 0.08a
7.5 ± 0.11ab
7.10 ± 0.09de
7.31 ± 0.1bc
6.9 ± 0.06e
≤0.00
D. renal function
Urea (mg/dl) (15)
37.89 ± 0.1a
19.75 ± 0.26f
22.2 ± 0.12e
23 ± 0.16d
25.1 ± 0.36c
27.57 ± 0.3b
≤0.00
Creatinine (mg/dl)
1.57 ± 0.11a
1.05 ± 0.05cd
1.07 ± 0.7cd
1.11 ± 0.09c
1.16 ± 0.12bc
1.34 ± 0.11b
≤0.001
E. Metabolic syndrome1
Δ MSR (%)
0.0005 ± 1.37a
−47.5 ± 1.37b
−42.46 ± 1.37c
−39.11 ± 1.37c
−38.66 ± 1.37c
−27.69 ± 1.37d
≤0.00
1BWG + TG + TC-HDL + VLDL + ALT + AST after normalization of the data.