Moderate and Severe Level of Food Insecurity Is Associated with High Calorie-Dense Food Consumption of Filipino Households

Table 10

Relationship between dietary consumption and food insecurity level (n = 9668).

Dietary outcome variables	Food secure	Food security			R^2 (%)
		Mildly food insecure	Moderately food insecure	Severely food insecure
		B (95% CI)	B (95% CI)	B (95% CI)
Food consumption score
Model 1^a	ref	−2.59 (−3.82, −1.36)	−7.1 (−8, −6.14)	−12 (−13.1, −10.95)	10
Model 2^b	ref	0.68 (−0.52, 1.9)^NS	−1.46 (−2.45, −0.47)	−4.45 (−5.58, −3.32)	18.6
Energy (kcal)
Model 1^a	ref	−133.94 (−344.62, 76.74)^NS	−277.1 (−445.33, −109.84)	−632.47 (−818.25, −446.69)	42.3
Model 2^b	ref	18.1 (−195.5, 231.67)^NS	−40.19 (−219.13, 138.74)^NS	−331.3 (−535.1, −127.59	43.1
Protein (g)
Model 1^a	ref	−14.22 (−21.74, −6.7)	−29.48 (−35.1, −23.87)	−44.83 (−51, −38.61)	35.1
Model 2^b	ref	−0.96 (−8.50, 6.57)^NS	−8 (−13.85, −2.17)	−18.47 (−25.1, −11.85)	37.5
Total carbohydrates (g)
Model 1^a	ref	31.6 (−4.84, 68)^NS	45.41 (15.94, 74.88)	18.75 (−13.65, 51.15)^NS	43.8
Model 2^b	ref	8.84 (−28.24, 45.92)^NS	1.35 (−29.99, 32.7)^NS	−35.88 (−71.82, 0.06)^NS	44.8
Total fats (g)
Model 1^a	ref	−19.52 (−28.1, −11)	−34.98 (−41.72, −28.24)	−56.65 (−63.86, −49.43)	17.9
Model 2^b	ref	1.41 (−6.96, 9.79)^NS	0.98 (−6.1, 8.1)^NS	−11 (−18.75, −3.26)	24.7
Calcium (mg)
Model 1^a	ref	−1.45 (−2.78, −0.12)	−2.96 (−4, −1.92)	−5.81 (−6.95, −4.66)	29.1
Model 2^b	ref	0.62 (−0.72, 1.95)^NS	0.41 (−0.71, 1.53)^NS	−1.52 (−2.74, 2.1)	31.3
Iron (mg)
Model 1^a	ref	−3.82 (−82.95, 75.30)^NS	−100 (−157.3, −42.72)	−186.64 (−251, −122.28)	17.3
Model 2^b	ref	47 (−33.75, 127.82)^NS	−11.85 (−74.76, 51.1)^NS	−72.91 (142.51, −3.31)	18.1
Vitamin A RE (µg)
Model 1^a	ref	−234.6 (−448.69, −20.54)	−432.89 (−583.33, −282.44)	−619.5 (−794.85, −444.16)	3.1
Model 2^b	ref	21.39 (−199.84, 242.62)^NS	−13.42 (−177.19, 150.35)^NS	−113.13 (−307.58, 81.32)^NS	5
Thiamin (mg)
Model 1^a	ref	−0.20 (−0.35, −0.05)	−0.38 (−0.5,−0.26)	−0.62 (−0.74, −0.49)	22.2
Model 2^b	ref	−0.01 (−0.16, 0.15)^NS	−0.06 (−0.19, 0.06)^NS	−0.21 (−0.35, −0.07)	24.2
Riboflavin (mg)
Model 1^a	ref	−0.15 (−0.28, −0.02)	−0.45 (−0.54, −0.35)	−0.65 (−0.76, −0.54)	21
Model 2^b	ref	0.09 (−0.04, 0.22)^NS	−0.04 (−0.14, 0.06)^NS	−0.14 (−0.25, −0.02)	25
Niacin (mg)
Model 1^a	ref	−4.86 (−7.53, −2.19)	−9 (−11, −7.19)	−12.8 (−15, −10.6)	31.5
Model 2^b	ref	−1.15 (−3.84, 1.53)^NS	−3.12 (−5.21, −1)	−5.89 (−8.28, −3.5)	33.2
Vitamin C (mg)
Model 1^a	ref	−14.1 (−26.66, −1.46)	−11.38 (−21.55, −1.2)	−25.75 (−3, −14.5)	7.4
Model 2^b	ref	−5.69 (−18.54, 7.16)^NS	−0.82 (−11.65, 10)^NS	−18.2 (−30.46, 6)	8.5

p value <0.001, p value <0.05, ^NSnot significant, ^aadjusted for household size, place of residence, and sex of the household head only, ^badjusted for household size, place of residence, sex of the household head, electricity of the household, and type of toilet facility of the household, educational level of the household head, occupational level of household head, and socio-economic status of the household (wealth quintile).