Diagnostic Concordance between Random Upper Arm Circumference and Mid Upper Arm Circumference Measurements among Children Aged 6–59 Months in South Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Table 4

Validity tests on RUAC using MUAC measurement as the golden standard in 6–59-month-old children from Lanfro District, SNNPR, Southern Ethiopia, 2016 (n = 819).

Indicators		Sensitivity % (95% CI)	Specificity % (95% CI)	Positive likelihood ratio (95% CI)	Negative likelihood ratio (95% CI)	Youden index	PPV % (95% CI)	NPV % (95% CI)
Nutritional status	SAM	27.8 (12.5–50.9)	99 (99.3–99.9)	222.5 (27–1808.9)	0.72 (0.54–0.96)	0.26	83 (43.6–96.9)	98.4 (97.3–99)
	MAM	32 (23.1–42.7)	97.5 (96.2–98.4)	13 (7.6–22.8)	0.69 (0.6–0.8)	0.29	60 (45.4–72.9)	92 (90.594.2)
	GAM	44 (34.8–53.8)	99 (98.1–99.3)	52.7 (23.3–120.4)	0.56 (0.47–0.6)	0.43	88 (76.6–94.5)	92.5 (90.5–94.2)
Age in months	6–11	42.8 (26.5–60.9)	99 (95.4–99.8)	50.6 (6.5–372.9)	0.57 (0.42–0.79)	0.42	92 (66.7–98.6)	87.9 (87.4–92.4)
	12–23	48.8 (34.6–63.2)	97.8 (94.7–99.2)	23 (8.5–64.8)	0.52 (0.39–0.7)	0.46	84 (65.4–93.6)	89.5 (84.6–92.9)
	24–35	50 (29–70.9)	99.3 (96.2–99.9)	73 (9.1–543.1)	0.5 (0.32–0.79)	0.49	90 (59.6–98.2)	93.5 (88.5–96.5)
	36–47	12.5 (2.2–47.1)	99.2 (96.2–99.9)	18 (1.3–265.6)	0.88 (0.67–1.1)	0.12	50 (9.4–90.5)	95 (91.4–98.3)
	48–59	40 (11.8–76.9)	99 (95–99.8)	47 (5.1–437.8)	0.6 (0.96.–1.22)	0.39	66.7 (20.7–93.8)	97 (92.7–99.2)
	Combined	44 (34.8–53.8)	99 (98–99)	52.7 (23.3–120.4)	0.56 (0.47–0.6)	0.43	88 (76.6–94.5)	92.5 (90.5–94.2)
Sex	Female	43.8 (31.8–56.6)	99.7 (98.3–99.9)	144 (19.9–104.3)	0.56 (0.45–0.7)	0.43	96 (81.1–99.3)	91 (87.7–93.6)
	Male	44 (30.8–58.8)	98.7 (97–99.4)	34 (13.4–87.4)	0.56 (0.43–0.73)	0.43	80 (60.8–91.4)	93.8 (91.1–95.8)
	Combined	44 (34.8–53.8)	99 (98.1–99.1)	52.7 (23.1–120.4)	0.56 (0.47–0.6)	0.43	88 (76.6–94.5)	92.5 (90.5–94.2)

Youden index = (sensitivity + specificity) – 1. PPV: positive predictive value; NPV: negative predictive value.