Trends and Determinants of Underweight among Children under Five Years in Ethiopia: Further Analysis with Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2005–2016—Multivariate Decomposition Analysis

Table 1

Percentage distribution of sociodemographic characteristics among respondents from 2005–2016 EDHS.

Characteristics		2005; N = 8,123	2011; N = 9,496	2016; N = 8,755
Age of women	<20	25.10	6.21	22.28
	20–34	49.09	52.10	53.26
	35–49	25.82	23.66	24.46
Region	Tigray	6.15	6.72	6.63
	Afar	0.82	1.05	1.03
	Amhara	24.09	20.73	19.51
	Oromia	40.15	44.24	43.59
	Somali	3.56	2.65	4.30
	Benishangul-Gumuz	0.80	1.06	1.06
	SNNPR	22.37	21.02	20.83
	Gambela	0.26	0.32	0.24
	Harari	0.18	0.21	0.20
	Addis-abeba	1.26	1.69	2.24
	Dire-dawa	0.35	0.31	0.39
Religion	Orthodox	42.49	37.66	34.78
	Protestant	20.65	24.81	22.02
	Muslim	34.26	36.04	40.83
	Catholic	1.16	0.96	0.97
	Traditional	1.45	1.04	1.41
Husband's/partner's educational status	None	57.50	49.54	47.89
	Primary	31.35	42.67	40.20
	Secondary+	11.12	7.79	11.89
Women educational status	None	79.00	68.87	65.52
	Primary	16.78	27.68	27.57
	Secondary+	4.22	3.45	6.91
Wealth index	Poor	48.65	49.55	54.11
	Middle	16.86	16.36	14.46
	Rich	34.49	34.09	31.43
Residence	Rural	92.89	87.94	89.05
	Urban	7.11	12.06	10.95
Sex of child	Female	49.00	47.74	48.01
	Male	51.00	52.26	51.99
Size of the child at birth	Average and above	72.30	71.12	74.00
	Below average	27.70	28.88	26.00
Had diarrhea recently	Yes	18.57	13.73	11.67
	No	81.43	86.27	88.33
Birth order	1	19.65	19.48	19.81
	2–3	31.47	31.83	31.42
	4–5	23.07	23.00	23.34
	6+	25.81	25.69	25.43
Parity	1	12.93	12.45	13.28
	2–3	32.15	32.49	31.89
	4–5	24.91	25.09	24.98
	6+	30.01	29.97	29.85
Body mass index of respondents (BMI)	<18.51	19.70	21.83	19.83
	18.52–24.99	76.91	73.66	74.29
	25.00–29.99	3.39	4.51	5.87
Husband/partner occupational status	Working	99.33	98.03	89.28
	Not working	0.67	1.97	10.72
Women occupational status	Working	29.18	53.54	43.52
	Not working	70.82	46.46	56.48