Self-Organized One-Dimensional TiO_𝟐 Nanotube/Nanowire Array Films for Use in Excitonic Solar Cells: A Review

Figure 10

(a) Typical cross-sectional view of 60 nm pore size, 1–1.2 μm length TiO₂ nanotube array film after TiCl₄ treatment. Cross-sectional FESEM image of TiO₂ nanotube (≈35 nm pore size, ≈600–700 nm nanotube length)/SQ-1 dye/P3HT/PEDOT:PSS photovoltaic devices showing: (b) nanotubes partially infiltrated with polymer, fabricated under the condition of excess wetness; (c) fully infiltrated nanotubes fabricated under optimized wetness condition; and (d) partial infiltration of the P3HT polymer within the nanotubes, fabricated under dry condition. Reprinted with permission from [7].