Journal of Oncology / 2011 / Article / Tab 3 / Review Article
Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer: A Review of Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Treatment Table 3 Preclinical agents.
Mechanism Agents Studies Loss of p53 or abnormal p53 is expressed in anaplastic thyroid cancer [83 ] Adenovirus with wild type p53 Blagosklonny et al. showed that anaplastic thyroid cancer cell lines infected with the p53 adenovirus became more sensitive to doxorubicin. Unknown [84 ] Bovine seminal ribonuclease In vivo tumor regression of anaplastic thyroid cancer.Inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase activity [85 ] Bone morphogenic protein Inhibition of 4 of 6 anaplastic thyroid cancer cell lines. EGFR Tyrosine-kinase inhibitor [86 ] ZD1839 (gefitinib) EGFR is overexpressed in anaplastic thyroid cancer in vitro/vivo and gefitinib induces apoptosis in vitro and inhibits subcutaneous mouse models of anaplastic thyroid cancer. EGFR Monoclonal antibody [87 ] Cetuximab As single agent cetuximab had no activity, but with irinotecan it inhibited orthotopic anaplastic thyroid cancer xenografts more than doxorubicin. EGRF/VEGF Receptor blocker [88 ] AEE788 In vitro inhibition and nude-mouse inhibition with pacitaxel.Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors [77 , 89 ā91 ] Valproic acid and other novel agents Restored radio iodide uptake and restoration of p53 or pseudo- p53 activity. Inhibition of gelatinase class of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) that are activated in ATC [92 ] MMP-activated LeTx Reduced endothelial cell recruitment and subsequent tumor vascularization