Understanding Carcinogenesis for Fighting Oral Cancer

<table class="table-group" id="tab1"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="2"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td align="left">Category</td><td align="left">Measures</td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="2"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td align="left">Genomic biomarker</td><td align="left">Micronuclei, DNA adduct, DNA content, and chromosomal aberration (polymorphism, alleic loss, gain, and amplification)</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Oncogenic biomarker</td><td align="left">Oncogenic expression, modified tumor suppressor genes, and <i>Src</i> genes</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Proliferation biomarker</td><td align="left">Nuclear and cyclin-related antigens, mitotic frequency, ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), and polyamines</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Differentiation biomarker</td><td align="left">Cytokeratins, transglutaminase Type I, and transcription factor (AP)-1</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Oxidative stress biomarker</td><td align="left">Glutathione <i>S</i>-transferase, stress proteins (HSPs), and Superoxide dismutase</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Apoptosis biomarker</td><td align="left">Bcl-2 family, chromatin condensation factors, caspases, and nucleosome formation</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Immunologic biomarker</td><td align="left">Cytokines</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="2"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

Potential biomarkers for oral carcinogenesis.

Journal of Oncology

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Table 1

Table 1: Understanding Carcinogenesis for Fighting Oral Cancer 