N-Acetyltransferase 1 (NAT1) Genotype: A Risk Factor for Urinary Bladder Cancer in a Lebanese Population

Table 4

Multivariate logistic regression analysis testing for independent effects of suspected risk factors, as well as for a potential gene-environment interaction.The used best-fit model is based on the following variables in the crude model: income, family history, passive smoking at the work place, occupational exposure to combustion fumes, previous history of prostate-related symptoms, and history of urinary tract infections.

Variable	Testing for independent effect	Testing for potential gene-environment interaction
		NAT1*14A	NAT1*10
	Adjusted OR; (CI)	Adjusted OR (CI)	Adjusted OR(CI)	Noneadjusted; OR (CI)
Income (reference < 500 $/month)
500–1000	2.14; (0.4–11.4)	1.06; (0.05–21.2)	5.87 (0.26–133.2)	14.59 (0.04–5318.5)
>1000	7.45; (0.91–61.2)	2.18 (0.04–114.1)	10.81 (0.085–1369.54)	11.45 (0.098–1334.9)
Smoking	1.02*; (1.01–1.04)	1.024* (0.991–1.06)	1.017 (0.99–1.04)	1.039 (0.98–1.104)
Occupational exposure to combustion fumes (reference none)	4.34; (0.83–22.6)	2.17 (0.07–70.33)	7.12 (0.28–182.8)	12.94; (0.00−)
Prostate-related symptoms (reference: none)	7.81*; (1.14–53.41)	2.94; (0.00−)	3.04 (0.074–125.1)
Allele (reference: none)
NAT1*14A	6.937*; (1.19–4.04)
NAT1*10	0.741; (0.099–5.54)
NagelKerke 𝑅^2	0.597	0.64	0.442	0.46

*Significant at or less than 0.05.