The Choice of Local Treatment Modalities for Patients with Brain Metastases from Digestive Cancers

Table 4

Baseline characteristics of patients receiving single therapy and patients receiving combination therapy.

Characteristics	Before PSM			After PSM
	Single therapy N = 134	Combination therapy N = 37	value	Single therapy N = 31	Combination therapy N = 31	value
Age, years			0.66			0.55
Median	57	58		55	60
Range	30–81	23–74		30–74	24–74
Gender			0.03			0.70
Male	101 (75.4%)	34 (91.9%)		26 (83.9%)	28 (90.3%)
Female	33 (24.6%)	3 (8.1%)		5 (16.1%)	3 (9.7%)
ECOG performance score			0.07			1.00
0/1	101 (75.4%)	33 (89.2%)		27 (87.1%)	27 (87.1%)
2–4	33 (24.6%)	4 (10.8%)		4 (12.9%)	4 (12.9%)
Primary disease site			0.15			0.56
Esophagus	23 (17.2%)	12 (32.4%)		6 (19.4%)	10 (32.3%)
Gastric	14 (10.5%)	4 (10.8%)		6 (19.4%)	3 (9.7%)
Liver	30 (22.4%)	9 (24.3%)		6 (19.4%)	6 (19.4%)
Colorectum	67 (50.0%)	12 (32.4%)		13 (41.9%)	12 (38.7%)
Primary histology			0.05			0.42
Hepatocellular carcinoma	27 (20.2%)	5 (13.5%)		4 (12.9%)	5 (16.1%)
Squamous cell carcinoma	15 (11.2%)	8 (21.6%)		4 (12.9%)	8 (25.8%)
Adenocarcinoma	84 (62.7%)	18 (48.7%)		18 (58.1%)	16 (51.6%)
Others	8 (6.0%)	6 (16.2%)		5 (16.1%)	2 (6.5%)
Radical surgery for primary tumor			0.06			1.00
No	39 (29.1%)	5 (13.5%)		4 (12.9%)	4 (12.9%)
Yes	95 (70.9%)	32 (86.5%)		27 (87.1%)	27 (87.1%)
Presence of extracranial metastasis			<0.01			1.00
No	34 (25.4%)	18 (48.7%)		12 (38.7%)	12 (38.7%)
Yes	100 (74.6%)	19 (51.4%)		19 (61.3%)	19 (61.3%)
Synchronous or subsequent brain metastasis			<0.01			1.00
Synchronous	30 (22.4%)	1 (2.7%)		1 (3.2%)	1 (3.2%)
Subsequent	104 (77.6%)	36 (97.3%)		30 (96.8%)	30 (96.8%)
Number of brain metastasis			0.20			0.18
1	77 (57.5%)	21 (56.8%)		18 (58.1%)	18 (58.1%)
2	25 (18.7%)	7 (18.9%)		6 (19.4%)	5 (16.1%)
3	4 (3.0%)	4 (10.8%)		0 (0%)	4 (12.9%)
≥4	28 (20.9%)	5 (13.5%)		7 (22.6%)	4 (12.9%)

PSM, propensity score matching; ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group.