Advances in Tumor-Stroma Interactions: Emerging Role of Cytokine Network in Colorectal and Pancreatic Cancer

Table 1

GF classification.

GFs family	Abbreviation	Receptors	Target cells	Role in cancer
Platelet Derived Growth Factor	PDGF	PDGFRα/β	Epithelial and endothelial	Blood vessel formation, cell migration and metastasis
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor	VEGF	VEGFR1/2/3 and coreceptors Neuropilin1/2	Endothelial and tumor	Mitogenic stimuli
Epidermal Growth Factor	EGF	EGFR	Mesenchymal, epithelial and tumor	Mitogenic stimuli and metabolism increasing
Fibroblast Growth Factor	FGF	FGFR1-4	Epithelial and mesenchymal	Mitogenic and angiogenic stimuli
Transforming Growth Factor-β	TGF	TGF-β type I (TβR-I), type II (TβR-II) and type III (TβR-III)	Tumor	Tumor suppressor
Insulin-like Growth Factor	IGF	IGF-IR and IGF-IIR	Tumor	Upregulation of metabolism, growth and survival
Hepatocyte Growth Factor	HGF	c-Met	Epithelial	Mitogenic stimuli and angiogenesis
Neurotrophin	n.a.	Tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk) A/B/C and neurotrophin receptor P75	Tumor	Cell survival (Trk) and death (P75)
Ephrin	Eph	EphrinA/B	Tumor	Tumor suppressor/promoter
Angiopoietins	ANG	TIE-2 tyrosine kinase receptor	Endothelial and tumor	Angiogenesis