|
| Study | Experiment
platform | Type of NPs | Conjugated biomolecules | Targeting pathway | Findings |
|
| Moses et al., 2016 [35] | In vitro on:
MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer human cell lines) and MCF-10A (healthy human cells) | AuNPs | Extracts from Commiphora myrrha and Boswellia sacra | Inducing cytotoxicity | Cytotoxicity in both breast cancer cell lines was more aggressive without harm to healthy cells |
|
| Swanner et al., 2015 [58] | In vitro on
MCF-7, MCF-10A, MDA-MB-231, 184B5, BT-549, and SUM-159 human cells | AgNPs | - | Oxidative stress and DNA damage | AgNPs led to selective cytotoxicity and radiation dose-enhancement effects in breast cancer cells as a self-therapeutic agent |
|
| Devulapally et al., 2015 [59] | In vivo (animal model) and in vitro on MDA-MB-231 human cells | PLGA-b-PEG polymer NPs | Antisense-miR-21 and antisense-miR-10b | Targeting metastasis and antiapoptosis by multitarget antagonisation of endogenous miRNAs | There was a substantial reduction in tumour proliferation at very low dose and 40% reduction in tumour proliferation compared to control |
|
| Shu et al., 2015 [60] | In vivo (animal model) and in vitro on MDA-MB-231 human cells | RNA NPs based on pRNA 3-way-junction (3WJ) | Anti-miR-21 | Targeting metastasis and antiapoptosis by multitarget antagonisation of endogenous miRNA | Confirming the potential role of RNA NPs in miRNA delivery in cancer therapeutics |
|
| Liu et al., 2014 [61] | In vivo and in vitro (animal model) on SUM149, BT549, and MCF-10A cells | PEG-PLA NPs | siRNA | Targeting of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) by siRNA induces decrease of cell viability, enhances cell apoptosis | Tumour progression has been suppressed in mice without causing any systemic toxicity, and without activating the innate immune response |
|
| Deng et al., 2014 [62] | In vivo (animal model) and in vitro on MDA-MB-231 human cells | Hyaluronic acid-chitosan NPs | DOX and miR-34a | Suppressing the expression of anti-apoptosis proto-oncogene Bcl-2 and non-pump resistance in tumour cells by DOX. Also, miR-34a plays an intracellular role via targeting Notch-1 signaling which leads to inhibition cancer cell migration | The delivery of miR-34a and DOX has effects on tumour suppression |
|
| Deng et al., 2013 [63] | In vivo and in vitro on MDA-MB-468 animal model cells | Layer-by-layer nanoparticles | siRNA | Targeting of multidrug resistance protein 1 by siRNA enhances DOX efficacy and led to decrease in tumour volume | Increase of DOX efficacy led to decrease of tumour volume with no observed toxicity compared to the control treatments |
|
| Wang et al., 2011 [64] | In vitro on SK-BR3 and MDA-MB-468 human cells | AuNCs | Herceptin | Targeting and nuclear localization in ERBB2 overexpressing breast cancer cells | AuNCs were able to enter the cell nucleus and promoted the competency of Herceptin drug |
|
| Dreaden et al., 2009 [65] | In vitro on MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 human cells | Plasmonic AuNPs | Tamoxifen-PEG-Thiol | Targeting estrogen receptor positive breast cancer cells | A high degree of perinuclear and cytoplasmic localization of the targeted particles, with increased potency and selective intracellular delivery of tamoxifen |
|
| Au et al., 2008 [66] | In vitro on SK-BR-3 | Gold nanocages | Anti-HER2 | Targeting of the epidermal growth factor receptor which is overexpressed on breast cancer cells | Optimal parameters of nanocages required to achieve cellular damage and increase percentage of dead cancer cells |
|
| Gradishar et al., 2005 [67] | Clinical trial on metastatic breast cancer patients | Albumin NPs | Paclitaxel | Paclitaxel is a chemotherapy drug, and it works based on antineoplastic/cytotoxic mechanism. | Nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel demonstrated greater efficacy and a favourable safety profile compared with standard paclitaxel. |
|
