EF24 Suppresses Cholangiocellular Carcinoma Progression, Inhibits STAT3 Phosphorylation, and Induces Apoptosis via ROS-Mediated Oxidative Stress

Figure 7

EF24 inhibits SNU478 xenograft tumor growth in vivo. SNU478 xenografts treated with EF24-cyclodextrin formulation (EF24-CD) showed significant reduction of mean tumor volumes (a) and tumor weights (b) as compared to cyclodextrin-only (CD) controls. Representative macroscopic photographs of excised tumors harvested at the end of treatment are shown (c). Immunohistochemistry in tissue sections from harvested xenograft tumors confirmed reduced MIB-1 (Ki-67) nuclear staining and significantly reduced levels of pSTAT3 (Tyr⁷⁰⁵) after EF24 treatment (d) (“” indicates p<0.01).

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