Review Article

AXL as a Target in Breast Cancer Therapy

Table 1

AXL-targeted therapies currently in clinical trials in the U.S.

TherapeuticClinical trialPhaseDisease

Small molecule inhibitor
 AXL selective
  BGB324/R428/bemcentinibNCT02424617Phase 1/2NSCLC
NCT02488408Phase 1/2Acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome
NCT02872259 (active)Phase 1/2Melanoma
NCT02922777 (active)Phase 1NSCLC
NCT03184558 (completed)Phase 2TNBC, inflammatory BC
NCT03184571 (active)Phase 2NSCLC, lung adenocarcinoma, metastatic lung cancer
NCT03649321 (active)Phase 1/2Pancreatic
NCT03654833 (active)Phase 2Mesothelioma
NCT03824080 (active)Phase 2Acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome
NCT03965494Early phase 1Glioblastoma
  SLC-391/SLC 0211NCT03990454Phase 1Solid tumors
  TP-0903NCT02729298 (active)Phase 1Solid tumors
NCT03572634 (active)Phase 1/2Chronic lymphocytic leukemia, small lymphocytic lymphoma
Dual AXL/MER
 INCB081776NCT03522142 (active)Phase 1Solid tumors
 ONO-7475NCT03176277 (active)Phase 1Acute leukemia
Antibody-based
 Antibody-drug conjugate
  BA3011/CAB-AXL-ADCNCT03425279 (active)Phase 1/2Solid tumors
  Enapotamab vedotin/HuMax-AXL-ADC/AXL-107-MMAENCT02988817 (active)Phase 1/2Solid tumors
 Monoclonal antibody
  BGB149NCT03795142 (active)Early phase 1Healthy volunteers
 Anti-AXL Fc fusion protein
  AVB-S6-500NCT03607955Phase 1Ovarian, fallopian, peritoneal
NCT03639246 (active)Phase 1/2Ovarian
NCT04004442Phase 2Urothelial carcinoma
NCT04019288Phase 1/2Ovarian, fallopian, peritoneal
NCT04042623Phase 2IgA nephropathy
 CAR T-based therapy
  CCT301-38NCT03393936 (active)Phase 1/2Renal cell carcinoma