The Value of Preoperative Alpha-L-Fucosidase Levels in Evaluation of Malignancy and Differential Diagnosis of Urothelial Neoplasms

Table 1

Correlations between preoperative AFU levels and clinicopathological parameters.

Variables	No. of patients (%)	AFU levels (U/L, mean ± SD)	value
Patients	599	14.94 ± 4.53
Age^a
≤65y	306	15.30 ± 4.62	0.100
＞65y	293	14.57 ± 4.40
Sex
Male	455	15.24 ± 4.61	0.001
Female	144	13.99 ± 4.11
Smoking history
Ever	220	15.42 ± 4.85	0.049
Never	379	14.66 ± 4.30
Painless macroscopic hematuria
Yes	429	15.18 ± 4.34	0.010
No	170	14.34 ± 4.92
Tumor number
Single	405	14.81 ± 4.59	0.372
Multiple	194	15.23 ± 4.38
Tumor size^ab
≤2.8 cm	308	15.11 ± 4.75	0.229
＞2.8 cm	291	14.77 ± 4.28
WBC^a
≤6.25 × 10^9/L	301	14.54 ± 4.63	0.005
＞6.25 × 10^9/L	298	15.35 ± 4.38
PLT^a
≤226 × 10^9/L	305	14.68 ± 4.76	0.100
＞226 × 10^9/L	294	15.22 ± 4.26
AKP^a
≤68 U/L	316	14.73 ± 4.61	0.115
＞68 U/L	283	15.19 ± 4.42
LDH^a
≤188 U/L	305	14.57 ± 4.42	0.021
＞188 U/L	294	15.33 ± 4.61
PFL^a
≤3.12 g/L	302	15.22 ± 4.68	0.115
＞3.12 g/L	297	14.66 ± 4.36
Pathological characteristics
Papilloma	8	14.56 ± 5.22	0.803
PUNLMP	56	14.93 ± 4.67
Pure UC	515	14.99 ± 4.50
Grade of pure UC
High-grade	340	14.64 ± 4.10	0.051
Low-grade	175	15.67 ± 5.12
Tumor invasion of MUT
Invasive	328	14.79 ± 4.27	0.164
Noninvasive	118	15.38 ± 4.36
Unknown	89	—

Continuous variables are expressed as median^a. Bold values are statistically significant ().PUNLMP papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential; UC: urothelial cancer; MUT: malignant uroepithelial tumor; WBC: white blood cell; PLT platelet; AKP: alkaline phosphatase; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; PFL: plasma fibrinogen. : Kruskal–Wallis H-test; : Mann–Whitney U test.