Research Article
Deep Learning to Predict EGFR Mutation and PD-L1 Expression Status in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer on Computed Tomography Images
Table 1
Demographic and clinical characteristics of included NSCLC patients.
| | Characteristics | Total (N = 1262) | Training set (N = 882) | Validation set (N = 125) | Test set (N = 255) | p value |
| | Age at diagnosis (year) | | Mean ± SD | 57.70 ± 10.50 | 57.69 ± 10.27 | 57.48 ± 9.70 | 57.85 ± 10.27 | 0.95 | | Sex | | Male | 620 (49.13) | 438 (49.66) | 66 (52.80) | 116 (45.49) | 0.35 | | Female | 642 (50.87) | 444 (50.34) | 59 (47.20) | 139 (54.51) | | Smoking | | Current/former | 452 (35.82) | 323 (36.62) | 45 (36.00) | 84 (32.94) | 0.18 | | Never | 749 (59.35) | 520 (58.96) | 77 (61.60) | 152 (59.61) | | Unknown | 61 (4.83) | 39 (4.42) | 3 (2.40) | 19 (7.45) | | Gene mutation status | | EGFR(−) PD-L1(−) | 276 (21.87) | 193 (21.88) | 28 (22.40) | 55 (21.57) | 1.00 | | EGFR(−) PD-L1(+) | 290 (22.98) | 203 (23.02) | 28 (22.40) | 59 (23.14) | | EGFR(+) PD-L1(−) | 502 (39.78) | 350 (39.68) | 50 (40.00) | 102 (40.00) | | EGFR(+) PD-L1(+) | 194 (15.37) | 136 (15.42) | 19 (15.20) | 39 (15.29) | | EGFR-TKI-targeted therapy | | Yes | 391 (30.98) | 265 (30.05) | 45 (36.00) | 81 (31.76) | 0.39 | | No | 871 (69.02) | 617 (69.95) | 80 (64.00) | 174 (68.24) | | ICI therapy | | Yes | 15 (1.19) | 12 (1.36) | 0 (0) | 3 (1.18) | 0.42 | | No | 1247 (98.81) | 870 (98.64) | 125 (100.00) | 252 (98.82) | | Histopathology | | LUAD | 1185 (93.90) | 824 (93.42) | 119 (95.20) | 242 (94.90) | 0.82 | | LUSC | 53 (4.20) | 41 (4.65) | 4 (3.20) | 8 (3.14) | | Others | 24 (1.90) | 17 (1.93) | 2 (1.60) | 5 (1.96) | | Tumor stage | | I | 529 (41.91) | 378 (42.86) | 43 (34.40) | 108 (42.35) | 0.22 | | II | 96 (7.61) | 60 (6.80) | 9 (7.20) | 27 (10.59) | | III | 236 (18.70) | 160 (18.14) | 30 (24.00) | 46 (18.04) | | IV | 367 (29.08) | 262 (29.71) | 37 (29.60) | 68 (26.67) | | Unknown | 34 (2.69) | 22 (2.49) | 6 (4.80) | 6 (2.35) | | Follow-up | | Median follow-up time (month, 95% CI) | 31 (30–31) | 30 (30–31) | 31 (29–35) | 32 (30,33) | 0.09 | | Overall survival | | Death | 412 (32.65) | 283 (32.08) | 51 (40.80) | 78 (30.59) | 0.20 | | Median OS (month, 95% CI) | 44 (42–49) | 43 (41–49) | 41 (33-NA) | 46 (40-NA) |
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LUAD: lung adenocarcinoma; LUSC: lung squamous cell carcinoma; SD: standard deviation; OS: overall survival; CI: confidence interval.
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