Investigation of Radiation-Induced Toxicity in Head and Neck Cancer Patients through Radiomics and Machine Learning: A Systematic Review
Table 2
Summary of the main results of the selected studies. The table reports mean and standard deviation values of RQS which were attributed by authors to the included studies, along with a synthesis of the main results from each study (toxicity outcome’s prediction according to the performed radiomics and machine-learning analyses).
7 texture/fractal features (mean, variance, entropy, homogeneity, entropy S2, fractal dimension, and volume cc)
Parotid glands
21
A significant decrease in mean intensity (1.7 HU and 3.8 HU after the second and last weeks, respectively) and fractal dimension (0.016 and 0.021) was found. Discriminant analysis, based on volume and fractal dimension, predicted the final parotid shrinkage (accuracy of 71.4%)
Late xerostomia (at 6–15 months and long-term toxicity outcome at 15–24 months after RT)
CT
# Radiomics and dosiomics features. Radiomic set: parotid shape (volume, sphericity, and eccentricity)
Parotid glands
153
Late xerostomia correlated with the contralateral dose gradient in the anterior-posterior (AUC = 0.72) and the right-left (AUC = 0.68) direction, whereas long-term xerostomia was associated with parotid volumes (AUCs >0.85), dose gradients in the right-left (AUCs >0.78), and the anterior-posterior (AUCs >0.72) direction