Bone Metastasis in Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients: Risk and Prognostic Factors and Nomograms

Table 1

Demographic and clinical characteristics of RCC patients.

	Without BM	With BM	χ^2
Age			1.463	0.226
<65	14388 (55.7%)	264 (58.5%)
≥65	11451 (44.3%)	187 (41.5%)
Sex			6.982	0.008
Female	9111 (35.3%)	132 (29.3%)
Male	16728 (64.7%)	319 (70.7%)
Race			6.289	0.043
Black	2648 (10.2%)	30 (6.7%)
Others	1585 (6.1%)	28 (6.2%)
White	21606 (83.6%)	393 (87.1%)
Grade			236.193	≤0.001
I-II	16818 (65.1%)	136 (30.2%)
III-IV	9021 (34.9%)	315 (69.8%)
T Stage			437.434	≤0.001
T1-2	20760 (80.3%)	182 (40.4%)
T3-4	5079 (19.7%)	269 (59.6%)
Laterality			1.692	0.193
Left	12723 (49.2%)	236 (52.3%)
Right	13116 (50.8%)	215 (47.7%)
Histologic type			79.734	≤0.001
CP	1416 (5.5%)	6 (1.3%)
CC	20244 (78.3%)	407 (90.2%)
CD	54 (0.2%)	7 (1.6%)
PL	4125 (16.0%)	31 (6.9%)
Tumor size, cm			392.797	≤0.001
<4	12087 (46.8%)	39 (8.6%)
4–7	8559 (33.1%)	167 (37.0%)
>7	5193 (20.1%)	245 (54.3.0%)
N stage			733.940	≤0.001
N0	25218 (97.6%)	345 (76.5%)
N1	621 (2.4%)	106 (23.5%)
Brain metastasis			679.401	≤0.001
No	25741 (99.6%)	408 (90.5%)
Yes	98 (0.4%)	43 (9.5%)
Liver metastasis			629.229	≤0.001
No	25707 (99.5%)	404 (89.6%)
Yes	132 (0.5%)	47 (10.4%)
Lung metastasis			1835.076	≤0.001
No	25139 (97.3%)	274 (60.8%)
Yes	700 (2.7%)	177 (39.2%)
Insurance status			0.064	0.800
No	750 (2.9%)	14 (3.1%)
Yes	25089 (97.1%)	437 (96.9%)
Marital status			3.481	0.062
No	8109 (31.4%)	123 (27.3%)
Yes	17730 (68.6%)	328 (72.7%)

BM, bone metastasis; RCC, renal cell carcinoma; CP, chromophobe; CC, clear cell; CD, collecting duct; PL, papillary.