Bone Metastasis in Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients: Risk and Prognostic Factors and Nomograms

Table 3

Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses in RCC patients with BM.

	Univariate Cox analysis				Multivariate Cox analysis
	HR	95% CI			HR	95% CI
Age
<65
≥65	1.026	0.798	1.319	0.844
Race
Black
Others	1.660	0.913	3.020	0.097
White	1.293	0.827	2.023	0.260
Sex
Female
Male	1.109	0.847	1.452	0.451
Grade
I-II
III-IV	1.411	1.074	1.853	0.013	1.669	1.235	2.257	≤0.001
T stage
T1-2
T3-4	1.388	1.080	1.785	0.010
Laterality
Left
Right	1.099	0.864	1.397	0.443
Histologic type
CP
CC	0.848	0.537	1.339	0.479	0.706	0.440	1.132	0.148
CD	1.157	0.487	2.746	0.742	0.723	0.300	1.743	0.471
PL	2.767	1.167	6.557	0.021	2.492	1.036	5.994	0.041
Tumor size, cm
<4
4–7	1.125	0.683	1.851	0.644
>7	1.323	0.821	2.132	0.250
N stage
N0
N1	1.791	1.378	2.328	≤0.001	1.388	1.049	1.838	0.022
Surgery
No
Yes	0.416	0.313	0.552	≤0.001	0.394	0.284	0.546	≤0.001
Radiotherapy
No
Yes	1.103	0.862	1.411	0.438
Chemotherapy
No
Yes	1.463	1.128	1.898	0.004
Brain metastasis
No
Yes	2.315	1.575	3.403	≤0.001	1.801	1.201	2.700	0.004
Liver metastasis
No
Yes	1.960	1.349	2.847	≤0.001
Lung metastasis
No
Yes	2.261	1.771	2.887	≤0.001	1.745	1.342	2.269	≤0.001
Insurance status
No
Yes	1.227	0.628	2.396	0.549
Marital status
No
Yes	0.994	0.768	1.286	0.961

BM, bone metastasis; RCC, renal cell carcinoma; CP, chromophobe; CC, clear cell; CD, collecting duct; PL, papillary.