Serum Cytokine Profiles of Melanoma Patients and Their Association with Tumor Progression and Metastasis

Table 2

Elevated levels of soluble factors in melanoma patients vs. healthy controls.

Cytokine	Median (range), pg/ml	Significance
VEGF-A
Healthy donors	290.44 (31.1∼1022.19)
Primary melanoma	487.93 (48.51∼1290.95)
Metastasis melanoma	713.74 (162.5∼1474.77)
PDGF-BB
Healthy donors	218.10 (77.95∼401.93)
Primary melanoma	360.45 (71.02∼990.06)
Metastasis melanoma	468.29 (204.61∼986.70)
IL-1RA
Healthy donors	151.24 (26.39∼552.77)
Primary melanoma	350.753 (26.77∼1240.28)
Metastasis melanoma	381.37 (67.86∼1049.55)
PIGF-1
Healthy donors	4.56 (0.06∼16.02)
Primary melanoma	17.64 (1.94∼76.96)
Metastasis melanoma	13.48 (0.91∼38.53)
IFN-γ
Healthy donors	1.80 (0.61∼6.86)
Primary melanoma	7.32 (0.65∼25.86)
Metastasis melanoma	7.43 (1.13∼32.85)
TNF-α
Healthy donors	0.97 (0.41∼2.9)
Primary melanoma	2.37 (0.23∼7.53)
Metastasis melanoma	2.45 (0.46∼7.93)
MIP-1α
Healthy donors	5.877 (0.19∼20.11)
Primary melanoma	10.37 (0.59∼39.91)
Metastasis melanoma	9.90 (2.72∼24.59)
SCF
Healthy donors	4.00 (0.67∼8.23)
Primary melanoma	6.95 (0.77∼43.51)
Metastasis melanoma	4.70 (0.68∼12.59)

Serum samples were screened using 45-plex multiplexed cytokine assays. Serum biomarkers showing differences between melanoma patients and healthy control groups are presented as the median (range) (pg/ml). , significant differences between healthy donors and primary melanoma patients. , significant differences between healthy donors and metastasis melanoma patients. , significant differences between primary melanoma and metastatic melanoma patients.