Nomograms for Predicting Prognosis of Primary Mediastinal Seminoma: A Population-Based Study
Table 2
Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis of overall survival and cancer-specific survival in the training cohort.
Variable
Overall survival
Cancer-specific survival
Univariate analysis
Multivariate analysis
Univariate analysis
Multivariate analysis
value
HR (95%CI)
value
value
HR (95%CI)
value
Sex
0.004
0.002
Male
Ref.
Ref.
Female
1.43 (0.57–3.61)
0.445
1.55 (0.55–4.32)
0.404
Age (years)
<0.001
<0.001
<20
Ref.
Ref.
20∼40
1.56 (0.70–3.51)
0.279
1.67 (0.65–4.29)
0.284
40∼60
2.64 (1.09–6.41)
0.032
2.67 (0.94–7.58)
0.065
≥60
5.26 (1.75–15.81)
0.003
7.93 (2.22–28.32)
0.001
Year of diagnosis
0.036
0.370
<2004
Ref.
Ref.
≥2004
0.70 (0.44–1.11)
0.131
1.00 (0.59–1.69)
0.989
Race
0.291
0.967
White
Ref.
Ref.
Black
0.77 (0.38–1.54)
0.461
0.42 (0.16–1.06)
0.067
Other
0.89 (0.42–1.90)
0.760
1.01 (0.44–2.35)
0.974
Marital status
0.075
0.149
Single
Ref.
Ref.
Married
0.74 (0.46–1.22)
0.239
0.57 (0.32–1.03)
0.064
Other
1.29 (0.68–2.47)
0.438
1.11 (0.51–2.40)
0.789
Extent of primary site
<0.001
<0.001
CSO
Ref.
Ref.
LNOS
1.14 (0.53–2.42)
0.736
1.03 (0.40–2.65)
0.944
ACT
2.55 (0.94–6.87)
0.065
2.54 (0.76–8.51)
0.130
AO/S
1.86 (0.93–3.74)
0.080
1.79 (0.77–4.14)
0.173
FCE
1.75 (0.59–5.21)
0.313
2.87 (0.86–9.58)
0.087
Unknown
2.56 (1.07–6.13)
0.034
3.36 (1.21–9.31)
0.020
Lymph nodes involved
<0.001
<0.001
No
Ref.
Ref.
Yes
1.16 (0.68–1.99)
0.585
1.68 (0.90–3.15)
0.105
Unknown
1.02 (0.54–1.92)
0.946
1.48 (0.70–3.15)
0.304
Metastasis
<0.001
<0.001
No
Ref.
Ref.
Yes
2.05 (1.12–3.75)
0.020
1.88 (0.94–3.75)
0.073
Unknown
0.34 (0.13–0.93)
0.035
0.14 (0.03–0.56)
0.006
Tumor size (cm)
0.246
0.202
<10
Ref.
Ref.
≥10
1.07 (0.61–1.88)
0.821
1.01 (0.52–1.98)
0.967
Unknown
0.98 (0.56–1.74)
0.955
1.02 (0.53–1.96)
0.955
Surgery
0.012
0.029
Performed
Ref.
Ref.
NP/NA
1.86 (1.14–3.03)
0.013
1.84 (1.02–3.31)
0.041
Radiation
0.339
0.677
Performed
Ref.
Ref.
NP/NA
1.11 (0.70–1.74)
0.664
1.28 (0.74–2.23)
0.375
Chemotherapy
0.383
0.679
Performed
Ref.
Ref.
NP/NA
1.56 (0.90–2.68)
0.112
1.70 (0.86–3.38)
0.128
HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; Ref., reference; CSO, confined to site of origin; LNOS, localized (not otherwise specified); ACT, extend to adjacent connective tissue; AO/S, adjacent organs/structures; FCE, further contiguous extension; NP/NA, not performed or unknown.
