New Enhancement beyond Radiation Field Improves Survival Prediction in Patients with Post-Treatment High-Grade Glioma

Figure 3

Example of NERF. A 25-year-old female with pathologically confirmed glioblastoma in the left temporal lobe. Her OS was 550 days. Axial contrast-enhanced T1-weighted image 48 h after resection (a). Axial contrast-enhanced T1-weighted image with treatment-planning overlay shows the volumes treated with 60 Gy (yellow outline) and 50 Gy (green outline) (b). The enhancing lesion (arrow) within radiation field and a NERF lesion (arrowhead) outside radiation field in follow-up MRI were detected 24 months after completion of radiotherapy (c). NERF, new enhancement beyond the radiation field.

(a)

(b)

(c)