Ginsenoside Rh2 Inhibits Glycolysis through the STAT3/c-MYC Axis in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Figure 4

Rh2 induced a metabolic shift in NSCLC cells. A549 and H460 cells were treated without or with 40 μg/ml Rh2 for 48 h. (a) The color depth of lactate test solution was evaluated visually. Blank: phosphate buffered saline without cells. Standard (lactate concentration is 3 mM): solution provided in the assay kit. (b) The lactate concentrations of control and Rh2 groups were calculated according to the formula described in the methods section. (c) The color depth of glucose test solution was evaluated visually. Blank: the culture medium (RPMI-1640) without cells. Standard (glucose concentration is 5.55 mM): solution provided in the assay kit. (d) The glucose consumptions of control and Rh2 groups were calculated according to the formula described in the methods section. (e) The protein levels of metabolic enzymes GLUT1, PKM2, and LDHA were tested by western blotting. (f) The relative western blot gray values are shown in the histogram. Data are shown as mean ± SD of three independent experiments. , vs. control groups.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)