Targeting the Axl and mTOR Pathway Synergizes Immunotherapy and Chemotherapy to Butylidenephthalide in a Recurrent GBM

Figure 4

Clinical local control after intracranial implantation of Cerebraca Wafers, medication with TMZ, and infusion of pembrolizumab and CIK cells. (a) Axial MRI (T1-weighted with gadolinium enhancement) of the right parietal brain highlighting the cavity of tumor resection where CWs covered suspected residual tumors (red circles indicated CWs and yellow arrows marked resected tumors). During follow-up at 22 months with MRI, these enhancements were stable or had decreased without multifocal GBM (red arrows labeled tumor cavity). (b) Tumor volumes were calculated using regions of interest (ROI) in green line that correspond to pre-operative tumors and the red lines indicate residual malignant parts. (c) Extent of resection was ∼55% at day 1 of post-procedure, and the tumor volumes gradually regressed during 22 months after CW implantation.

(a)

(b)

(c)