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| Gene symbol | Abbreviations | Function |
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| Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor | GLP1R | This gene encodes a 7-transmembrane protein that functions as a receptor for glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) hormone, which stimulates glucose-induced insulin secretion [23]. |
| General transcription factor IIH subunit 3 | GTF2H3 | This gene encodes a member of the TFB4 family. The encoded protein is a subunit of the core-TFIIH basal transcription factor and localizes to the nucleus [24]. |
| Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L | HNRNPL | Functional annotation defined a set of essential spliceosome and RNA binding protein (RBP) genes [25]. |
| RNA polymerase II subunit C | POLR2C | This gene encodes the polymerase responsible for synthesizing messenger RNA in eukaryotes [26]. |
| Rhodopsin | RHO | Protein encoded by this gene is found in rod cells in the back of the eye and is essential for vision in low-light conditions [27]. |
| Sorbin and SH3 domain containing 3 | SORBS3 | SORBS3gene codes for the adapter protein vinexin, and has been shown to play a role in growth-factor-induced signal transduction and a cytoskeleton structure [28]. |
| Serpin family a member 10 | SERPINA10 | Protein encoded by this gene belongs to the serpin family, predominantly expressed in the liver and secreted in plasma. It inhibits the activity of coagulation factors Xa and XIa in the presence of protein Z, calcium, and phospholipid [29]. |
| Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 | MAPK3 | Protein encoded by this gene is a member of the MAP kinase family. MAP kinases, act in a signaling cascade that regulates various cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and cell cycle progression in response to a variety of extracellular signals [30]. |
| WASP actin nucleation promoting factor | WAS | In addition to its role in the cytoplasmic cytoskeleton, also promotes actin polymerization in the nucleus, thereby regulating gene transcription and repair of damaged DNA [31]. |
| EGL-9 family hypoxia inducible factor 2 | EGLN2 | EGLN2 is involved in regulating hypoxia tolerance and apoptosis in cardiac and skeletal muscle [32]. |
| Protein kinase CAMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha | PRKACA | In hepatocellular fibrolamellar carcinoma (FL-HCC), the fusion DNAJB1 to PRKACA is suggested to be a diagnostic marker for this rare subtype of HCC [33]. |
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