Licoflavone A Suppresses Gastric Cancer Growth and Metastasis by Blocking the VEGFR-2 Signaling Pathway

Figure 4

LA arrested cells at G1 phase and induced apoptosis of VEGF-stimulated MKN-45 cells. (a) Flow cytometry assay of cell cycle distribution. (b) The quantitation of cell cycle distribution. The data are presented as (). (c) The Hoechst 33342-stained nuclei were imaged under laser confocal microscopy.  μm. Representative photographs of the morphological changes observed. The red arrow indicates apoptotic bodies and the white arrows indicate shrunken and deformed nuclei of apoptotic cells. (d) Apoptosis of LA-treated VEGF-stimulated MKN-45 cells was determined by flow cytometric analysis. (e) The quantitation of cell cycle distribution. The data are presented as (). (f) A JC-10 kit was used to measure the mitochondrial membrane potential of VEGF-stimulated MKN-45 cells by laser confocal microscopy. CCCP staining results were used as the positive control. JC-10 is the monomer with green fluorescence, while JC-10 is the polymer with red fluorescence.  μm. (g) Cyclin D1, c-Myc, Bcl-2, Bax, Cyt C, caspase 9, and cleaved-caspase 3 protein expression levels were detected by western blot.

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