Autophagy Induced by Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor 1 Mediates Migration and Invasion Targeting Atg5 via AMPK/mTOR Pathway in Prostate Cancer

Figure 4

CHRM1 mediates autophagy to regulate the migration and invasion in PCa. (a) Wound-healing assay was established in 4 groups to detect PC-3 migration ability in three different periods (0, 12, and 24 h). The images were taken at a magnification of 40x. (b) Data from wound-healing assay using ImageJ for statistics, migration rate% = (Area 0 HR − Area XHR)/Area 0 h%. Each sample was run in triplicate. (c) Images of cell migration and invasion assays of the four tumor cell lines upon CAR, PIN, 3-MA, 3-MA + CAR, or 3-MA + PIN administration. The images were taken at a magnification of 400x. Scale bar: 1 mm. (d-g) Quantification of migrated (invaded) cell numbers in the cell migration (invasion) assays. Cells were counted in five random fields per section. ; ; and .

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