<i>Introduction</i>. Previous studies have shown that stromal-derived factor-1 (CXCL12) and its receptor, CXCR4, play a crucial role in metastasis of various tumors. Similarly, it has been cleared that CXCR4 is expressed on the cell surface of gastric cancers. However, nuclear expression of CXCR4 and its clinical importance have not been yet studied. <i>Materials and Methods</i>. Herein, we studied the expression of CXCR4 in gastric samples from patients with gastric adenocarcinoma as well as human gastric carcinoma cell line, AGS, by employing RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry techniques. <i>Results</i>. RT-PCR data showed that CXCR4 is highly expressed on AGS cells. This was confirmed by IHC and FACS as CXCR4 was detected on cell membrane, in cytoplasm, and in nucleus of AGS cells. Moreover, we found that both cytoplasmic and nuclear CXCR4 are strongly expressed in primary gastric cancer and the cytoplasmic pattern of CXCR4 tends to be associated with a shorter overall survival than nuclear staining. In conclusion, we present evidence for the first time that both cytoplasmic and nuclear expression of CXCR4 are detectable in gastric cancer tissues. However, the role of both cytoplasmic and nuclear CXCR4 needs to be further elucidated.

Bahram Nikkhoo

Ali Jalili

Shohreh Fakhari

Farshad Sheikhesmaili

Fardin Fathi

Daem Rooshani

Mohammad Ali Hoseinpour Feizi

Mehrnoush Nikzaban

Nuclear Pattern of CXCR4 Expression Is Associated with a Better Overall Survival in Patients with Gastric Cancer

Insertion of central venous port (CVP) catheter in the cancer population is associated with increased incidence of venous thromboembolic events (VTE). However, trials have shown limited benefit of antithrombotic treatment to prevent catheter-related venous thrombosis. This prospective observational cohort study was designed to assess the incidence of VTE closely related to CVP implantation in patients with cancer and undergoing chemotherapy, and to identify a high risk subgroup of patients. Between February 2006 and December 2011, 1097 consecutive cancer patients with first CVP implantation were included. Catheter-related VTE were defined as deep venous thrombosis in the arm, with or without pulmonary embolism (PE), or isolated PE. The incidence of CVP-associated VTE was 5.9&#x25; (IC95 4.4&#x2013;7.3&#x25;) at 3 months, and 11.3&#x25; (IC95 9.4&#x2013;13.2&#x25;) at 12 months. The incidence of any VTE was 7.6&#x25; (IC95 6.0&#x2013;9.3&#x25;) at 3 months, and 15.3&#x25; (IC95 13.1&#x2013;17.6&#x25;) at 12 months. High Khorana risk score and lung cancer were significant predictors of 3 month VTE. In conclusion, this large cohort study of patients with first CVP catheter implantation confirms the high incidence of VTE associated with the CVP implantation and allow identifying high risk patients who may benefit from thromboprophylaxis.

Christine Hohl Moinat

Daniel P&#xe9;riard

Adrienne Grueber

Daniel Hayoz

Jean-Luc Magnin

Pascal Andr&#xe9;

Marc Kung

Daniel C. Betticher

Predictors of Venous Thromboembolic Events Associated with Central Venous Port Insertion in Cancer Patients

<i  >Purpose</i>. To assess the prognostic role of 14F7 Mab immunoreactivity, against N-Glycolyl GM3 ganglioside, in patients with colon cancer (CC) and to evaluate the relationship between its expression and clinicopathological features. <i  >Methods</i>. Paraffin-embedded specimens were retrospectively collected from 50 patients with CC operated between 2004 and 2008. 14F7 Mab staining was determined by immunohistochemistry technique and its relation with survival and clinicopathologic features was evaluated. <i  >Results</i>. The reactivity of 14F7 Mab was detected in all cases. Most cases had high level of immunostaining (70&#x25;) that showed statistical correlation with TNM stage <svg     style="vertical-align:-2.3205pt;width:78.637497px;" id="M1" height="15.0875" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 78.637497 15.0875" width="78.637497"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
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</svg>. In univariate survival analysis, level of 14F7 Mab immunoreactivity <svg     style="vertical-align:-2.3205pt;width:86.787498px;" id="M2" height="15.0875" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 86.787498 15.0875" width="86.787498"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
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</svg>, TNM Stage <svg     style="vertical-align:-2.3205pt;width:86.787498px;" id="M3" height="15.0875" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 86.787498 15.0875" width="86.787498"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
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</svg> and lymphovascular invasion <svg     style="vertical-align:-2.3205pt;width:48.400002px;" id="M4" height="15.0875" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 48.400002 15.0875" width="48.400002"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
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</svg> were significant prognostic factors for overall survival. Among these variables, level of 14F7 Mab immunoreactivity <svg     style="vertical-align:-2.3205pt;width:332.32501px;" id="M5" height="15.0875" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 332.32501 15.0875" width="332.32501"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
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</svg> and TNM stage <svg     style="vertical-align:-2.3205pt;width:332.32501px;" id="M6" height="15.0875" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 332.32501 15.0875" width="332.32501"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
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</svg> were independent prognostic factors on multivariate analysis. <i  >Conclusions</i>. This study is the first approach on the prognostic significance of 14F7 Mab immunoreactivity in patients with colon adenocarcinoma and this assessment might be used in the prognostic estimate of CC, although further studies will be required to validate these findings.

Tania Lahera

Adanays Calvo

Griselda Torres

Charles E. Rengifo

Santiago Quintero

Mar&#xed;a del Carmen Arango

Debora Danta

Jos&#xe9; M. V&#xe1;zquez

Xiomara Escobar

Adriana Carr

Prognostic Role of 14F7 Mab Immunoreactivity against N-Glycolyl GM3 Ganglioside in Colon Cancer

<i  >Background</i>. Study of tumor molecular characteristics is necessary to understand both the risk of breast cancer recurrence and the response to therapy. <i  >Aims</i>. To evaluate p53, HoxD10, and E-cadherin status in breast cancer and to correlate with histological grade and other prognostic factors. <i  >Material and Methods</i>. The study was conducted in 60 cases of invasive ductal carcinoma NOS with 20 cases belonging to each grade and evaluation of p53 was done by IHC and that of HoxD10 and E Cadherin status by PCR and correlation was done with histological grade and other prognostic factors. <i  >Result</i>. p53 expression was seen in 71.67&#x25; (43/60) of the tumors. HoxD10 gene was downregulated in 46.67&#x25; (28/60) of the tumors. p53 overexpression and lower HoxD10 mRNA levels showed statistically significant association higher histological grade of the tumor (<svg     style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt;width:58.712502px;" id="M1" height="11.375" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 58.712502 11.375" width="58.712502"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
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</svg>). CDH1 gene mutation was seen in 60&#x25; (15/25) of the tumors. No significant association was found between p53 expression, HoxD10 gene, CDH1 gene mutation, and other prognostic factors. <i  >Conclusion</i>. p53 over expression and lower HoxD10 mRNA levels were found to be significantly associated with higher grade tumours. This suggests that p53 and HoxD10 gene play an important tumor suppressor role and the loss of which results in breast cancer progression.

Preethi Sekar

Jyotsna Naresh Bharti

Jitendra Singh Nigam

Ankit Sharma

Priyanka Bhatia Soni

Evaluation of p53, HoxD10, and E-Cadherin Status in Breast Cancer and Correlation with Histological Grade and Other Prognostic Factors

The present study was designed to gain insight into the antiproliferative activity of ethanolic neem leaves extract (ENLE) alone or in combination with cisplatin by cell viability assay on human breast (MCF-7) and cervical (HeLa) cancer cells. Nuclear morphological examination and cell cycle analysis were performed to determine the mode of cell death. Further, to identify its molecular targets, the expression of genes involved in apoptosis, cell cycle progression, and drug metabolism was analyzed by RT-PCR. Treatment of MCF-7, HeLa, and normal cells with ENLE differentially suppressed the growth of cancer cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner through apoptosis. Additionally, lower dose combinations of ENLE with cisplatin resulted in synergistic growth inhibition of these cells compared to the individual drugs (combination index &#x3c;1). ENLE significantly modulated the expression of bax, cyclin D1, and cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYP 1A1 and CYP 1A2) in a time-dependent manner in these cells. Conclusively, these results emphasize the chemopreventive ability of neem alone or in combination with chemotherapeutic treatment to reduce the cytotoxic effects on normal cells, while potentiating their efficacy at lower doses. Thus, neem may be a prospective therapeutic agent to combat gynecological cancers.

Chhavi Sharma

Andrea J. Vas

Payal Goala

Taher M. Gheewala

Tahir A. Rizvi

Arif Hussain

Ethanolic Neem (<i>Azadirachta indica</i>) Leaf Extract Prevents Growth of MCF-7 and HeLa Cells and Potentiates the Therapeutic Index of Cisplatin

Mast cells are regarded as complex and multifunctional cells, playing a significant role in immunopathology and a substantial role in tumor angiogenesis. Angiogenesis is a complex process that is tightly regulated by various growth factors in which mast cells act directly by releasing angiogenic factors and henceforth promoting tumor growth and metastasis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the number of mast cells in tissue sections of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in comparison with normal mucosa. A total of 40 cases (20 OSCC and 20 normal mucosa) were stained with 1&#x25; toluidine blue and the quantitative analysis was done by using light microscope under 400x magnification. A significant increase in the mast cell count was observed in the sections of OSCC when compared to normal mucosa suggesting their contributing role in tumor growth and progression.

A. Anuradha

B. Kiran Kumar Naik

G. Vijay Srinivas

Ramisetty Sabitha Devi

H. K. Puneet

Incidence of Mast Cells in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Short Study

Glioblastoma is one of the most aggressive forms of primary brain tumors of glial cells, including aberrant regulation of glycogen synthase kinase 3<i>&#x3b2;</i> (GSK3<i>&#x3b2;</i>) and splicing factors deregulation. Here, we investigate the role of small molecule AR-A014418 and Manzamine A against GSK3 kinase with factual control on splicing regulators. AR-A 014418, 48&#x2009;hrs posttreatment, caused dose (25&#x2013;100&#x2009;<i>&#x3bc;</i>M) dependent inhibition in U373 and U87 cell viability with also inhibition in activating tyrosine phosphorylation of GSK3alpha (Tyr 279) and beta (Tyr 216). Furthermore, inhibition of GSK3 kinase resulted in significant downregulation of splicing factors (SRSF1, SRSF5, PTPB1, and hnRNP) in U87 cells with downregulation of antiapoptotic genes such as BCL2, BCL-xL, Survivin, MCL1, and BMI1. Similarly, downregulation of splicing factors was also observed in U373 glioma cell after using SiRNA against AKT and GSK3beta kinase. In addition, potential roles of AR-A014418 in downregulation of splicing factors were reflected with decrease in Anxa7 (VA) variant and increase in Anxa7 WT tumor suppressor transcript and protein. The above results suggest that inhibition of GSK3beta kinase activation could be the beneficial strategy to inhibit the occurrence of alternative cancer escape pathway via downregulating the expression of splicing regulators as well as apoptosis.

Ajay K. Yadav

Vidhi Vashishta

Nidhi Joshi

Pankaj Taneja

AR-A 014418 Used against GSK3beta Downregulates Expression of hnRNPA1 and SF2/ASF Splicing Factors

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<p><em>Journal of Oncology</em> publishes research related to breast cancer, lung cancer, gastrointestinal cancer, skin cancer, head and neck cancer, paediatric oncology, neurooncology as well as genitourinary cancer.</p>


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<p>Chief Editor, Professor Bruno Vincenzi, is an Associate Professor of Medical Oncology at University Campus Bio-Medico, Italy. His research interests include urogenital neoplasms and the pathophysiology and treatment of bone metastases.</p>


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Journal of Oncology - Table of contents 2014

title

Journal of Oncology publishes research related to breast cancer, lung cancer, gastrointestinal cancer, skin cancer, head and neck cancer, paediatric oncology, neurooncology as well as genitourinary cancer.

Journal of Oncology