Clinical Study
Lifestyle Intervention Improves Heart Rate Recovery from Exercise in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: Results from the Look AHEAD Study
Table 1
Heart rate variables at baseline (a) and Year 1 (b) for participants with and without β-blocker use. Values are mean (SD).
| | | | No -blocker use | -blocker use |
Variable
| | ILI ( baseline, 1743 Y1) | DSE ( baseline, 1712 Y1) | value (DSE versus ILI) | ILI ( baseline, 562 Y1) | DSE ( baseline, 485 Y1) | value (DSE versus ILI) |
| |
(a) Baseline* | Resting heart rate (b/min) | 79.35 (11.85) | 79.42 (11.75) | 0.8683 | 70.12 (10.96) | 69.66 (11.18) | 0.5228 | | Peak heart rate (b/min) | 154.2 (12.78) | 154.2 (13.13) | 0.8702 | 130.8 (18.73) | 130.8 (19.40) | 0.9557 | | Heart rate range (b/min) | 74.93 (14.90) | 74.67 (15.20) | 0.6125 | 60.73 (15.70) | 61.01 (16.54) | 0.7895 | | Heart rate at 2 minutes recovery (b/min) | 112.1 (14.59) | 112.5 (20.40) | 0.5539 | 95.72 (16.16) | 94.80 (16.40) | 0.3832 | | Heart rate recovery (b/min) | 42.16 (12.67) | 41.62 (19.15) | 0.3300 | 35.15 (11.95) | 35.62 (12.22) | 0.5449 |
| |
(b) Year 1* | Resting heart rate (b/min) | 72.77 (11.35) | 77.68 (11.73) | <.0001 | 65.89 (11.59) | 68.80 (11.12) | <.0001 | | Peak heart rate (b/min) | 130.5 (6.24) | 130.8 (6.60) | 0.1355 | 117.7 (17.87) | 118.7 (17.99) | 0.3539 | | Heart rate range (b/min) | 57.69 (12.06) | 53.11 (12.35) | <.0001 | 51.80 (15.34) | 49.83 (15.34) | 0.0396 | | Heart rate at 2 minutes Recovery (b/min) | 89.30 (21.75) | 92.96 (12.14) | <.0001 | 82.97 (15.43) | 85.89 (15.15) | 0.0021 | | Heart Rate Recovery (b/min) | 41.17 (22.02) | 37.84 (12.47) | <.0001 | 34.71 (12.16) | 32.82 (11.54) | 0.0105 |
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*Note that the baseline (a) was a maximal test while the Year 1 (b) test was submaximal.
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