The Impact of an Intervention Taught by Trained Teachers on Childhood Fruit and Vegetable Intake: A Randomized Trial

Table 2

Differences between intervention and control schools on fruit and vegetables consumption at 6-month postintervention program.

	Control mean (SE)*	Intervention mean (SE)*	Adjusted difference (95% CI)**	𝑃	Cohen’s d
Total fruit (g)	−70.0 (27.7)	76.8 (27.6)	−282.8 (−495.1; −70.6)	0.009	0.47
Whole fruit (g)	−59.3 (24.6)	26.1 (21.2)	−152.8 (−322.7; 17.2)	0.078	0.34
Fruit juice (g)	−10.7 (13.0)	50.6 (18.3)	−118.8 (−240.0; 2.4)	0.055	0.27
Vegetable soup (g)	21.4 (26.2)	−24.2 (23.6)	67.8 (−109.3; 244.9)	0.453	0.09
Total vegetable (g)	26.7 (8.8)	48.3 (10.3)	−89.7 (−164.2; −15.2)	0.018	0.29
Green leafy vegetable (g)	9.1 (5.7)	24.2 (4.9)	−61.3 (−101.0; −21.6)	0.002	0.38
Other vegetable (g)	17.6 (5.3)	24.1 (8.1)	−28.4 (−82.0; 25.2)	0.299	0.12
Fruit and vegetable (g)	−43.2 (29.4)	125.0 (28.7)	−377.5 (−598.1; 156.9)	0.001	0.56

Notes: in the generalized linear models, children were nested within school, and an adjustment was made for children’s gender, age, baseline total energy intake, parents’ education, baseline BMI, and baseline measures of the dependent variable.
*Unadjusted mean.
**Differences between the control and intervention groups were adjusted for children’s gender, age, baseline total energy intake, parents’ education, baseline BMI, and baseline measures of the dependent variable.