|
| Reference | Design | Theory | Setting | Study duration | Participants | Intervention | Control |
|
| Sedentary behavior studies |
|
| Escobar-Chaves et al. [26] | RCT | No specific theory reported | Convenient locations (clinics, public libraries, and schools); US | I: 6 months
F/U: 6 months | N (C) = 101
N (I) = 101
Mean age (y):
Parents: 40 ± 7.6
Children: 8.2 ± 0.8
Sex:
Parents: 88.6% female
Children: 51.5% male
Race:
Parents: 43.6% white Children: not reported | 2-hour workshop and 6 bimonthly newsletters to reduce media consumption | No detail reported |
|
| Robinson [22] | RCT | Social cognitive model | 2 public elementary schools; US | I: 6 months
F/U: No detail reported | N (C) = 120
N (I) = 105
Mean age (y):
C: 8.9 ± 0.6
I: 8.9 ± 0.7
Sex:
C: 55.4% male
I: 52.8% male
Race:
C: 80.6% white
I: 77.2% white | 18-lesson classroom curriculum to reduce screen time; 14 parent newsletters | No treatment control |
|
| Robinson and Borzekowski [23] | RCT | Social cognitive theory | 2 public elementary schools; US | I: 6 months
F/U: No detail reported | N (C) = 100
N (I) = 92
Mean age (y): 8.95 ± 0.64
Sex: 46% female
Race: not reported | 18 in-class lessons; TV turnoff challenge followed by encouragement to budget TV time to 7 hrs/week; parent newsletters | No detail reported |
|
| Physical activity studies |
|
| Slootmaker et al. [27] | RCT | No detail reported | 5 secondary schools; The Netherlands | I: 3 months
F/U: 5 months | N (C) = 41
N (I) = 38
Mean age (y):
C: Boys: 14.8 ± 1.4
Girls: 15.0 ± 1.2
I:
Boys: 15.3 ± 1.1
Girls: 15.4 ± 1.1
Sex: 63% female
Race: not reported | Accelerometer; web-based, tailored PA advice to increase PA and decrease SB | Brochure with recommendations for PA |
|
| Sedentary behavior and physical activity studies |
|
| Epstein et al. [21] | Randomized trial | No detail reported | Clinic; US | I: 6 months
F/U: 6 months | N = 61 families
Mean age (y):
Child: 10.1
Sex: 73% female
Race: 96% white | Weekly family-based treatment meetings focused on PA and SB; 3 intervention groups received reinforcement for either reducing sedentary activities, increasing PA, or combination | Not applicable |
|
| Epstein et al. [20] | Randomized Trial | No detail reported | Clinic; US | I: 6 months
F/U: 6 months | N = 56
Mean age (y):
Children: 10.4 ± 1.2
Sex: 51.8% male
Race: 94.6% white | Family-based treatment meetings focused on reinforcing increasing PA or combination of reducing SB and increasing PA | Not applicable |
|
| Jones et al. [28] | RCT | Social cognitive theory; Transtheoretical model | Middle schools; US | I: 1.5 academic years
F/U: no detail reported | N (C) = 371
N (I) = 347
Mean age (y): 11.6 ± 0.4
Sex: 100% female
Race: 72% white | 16-session health curriculum; PE program and school food service component with emphasis on calcium-rich foods | Usual health program |
|
| Robinson et al. [29] | RCT | Social cognitive model | Low-income neighborhood community centers; US | I: 12 weeks
F/U: no detail reported | N (C) = 33
N (I) = 28
Mean age (y):
C: 9.5 ± 0.9
I: 9.5 ± 0.8
Sex: 100% female
Race: 100% AA | 60 after-school dance classes plus 5 home lessons to reduce TV time | Newsletters and health education lectures |
|
| Salmon et al. [30] | RCT | Social cognitive theory; Behavioral choice theory | Government schools in low socioeconomic areas; Australia | I: 1 academic year F/U: 12 months | N = 306
Mean age (m): 10.8 ± 5
Sex: 51% female
Race: not reported | 19 in-class lessons promoting PA and decreasing SB; 3 intervention groups received either behavior modification of PA and SB, movement skill games or combination of both | Usual curriculum |
|
| Simon et al. [31] | RCT | No detail reported | Public middle schools; France | I: 4 school years
F/U: no detail reported | N (C)= 479
N (I) = 475
Mean age (y):
C: 11.7 ± 0.7
I: 11.6 ± 0.6
Sex:
C: 52% male
I: 54% female | Multilevel program focused on changing knowledge/attitudes towards PA and SB; providing environmental opportunities for PA | Usual health and PE curriculum |
|
| Sedentary behavior, physical activity and diet studies |
|
| Gortmaker et al. [32] | RCT | Behavioral choice theory; Social cognitive theory | 10 public schools; US | I: 2 academic years F/U: No detail reported | N (5 C schools) = 654
N (6 I schools) = 641
Mean age (y): 11.7 ± 0.7
Sex: 48% female
Race:
C: 69% white
I: 63% white | Planet Health curriculum: 32 lessons on reducing TV time, increasing PA, decreasing high-fat food intake, and increasing F/V intake | Regular school curriculum |
|
| Sacher et al. [33] | RCT | Social cognitive theory | Community centers and schools, UK | I: 6 months
F/U: 6 months | N (C)= 56
N (I) = 60
Mean age (y):
C: 10.2 ± 1.3
I: 10.3 ± 1.3
Sex: C: 45% females
I: 63% females
Race:
C: 50% white
I: 50% white | 18 2-hour group educational and PA sessions, followed by 12-week family swimming pass | 6-month delayed intervention |
|
